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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Personifications| ▸ |Health||View Options:   | | | Hygieia (also Hygiea or Hygeia, in Latin Hygea or Hygia), was the daughter of Aesculapius, the god of medicine and healing, and Epione, the goddess of soothing of pain. She was the goddess of health, cleanliness and sanitation. While her father was more directly associated with healing, she was associated with the prevention of sickness and the continuation of good health. Her name is the source of the word "hygiene." She was imported by the Romans as the Goddess Valetudo, the goddess of personal health, but over time she was increasingly identified with the ancient Italian goddess of social welfare, Salus. |
Salus was the Roman goddess of health. She was Hygieia to the Greeks, who believed her to be the daughter of Aesculapius, the god of medicine and healing, and Epione, the goddess of soothing of pain. Her father Asclepius learned the secrets of keeping death at bay after observing one snake bringing another snake healing herbs. Woman seeking fertility, the sick, and the injured slept in his temples in chambers where non-poisonous snakes were left to crawl on the floor and provide healing.RB76730. Orichalcum as, RIC III MA1671, BMCRE IV MA995, Cohen III 201, Hunter II 70, SRCV II 5303, aF, well centered, rough, weight 9.236 g, maximum diameter 25.4 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, struck under Marcus Aurelius, 161 - 175 A.D.; obverse FAVSTINA AVGVSTA, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in a bun in back; reverse SALVS AVGVSTAE (to the health of the Empress), Salus seated left, from patera in right hand, feeding snake rising from altar, resting left elbow on throne, S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; SOLD
Romano-Gallic Empire, Tetricus I, Mid 271 - Spring 274 A.D.
Salus was the Roman goddess of health. She was Hygieia to the Greeks, who believed her to be the daughter of Aesculapius, the god of medicine and healing, and Epione, the goddess of soothing of pain. Her father Asclepius learned the secrets of keeping death at bay after observing one snake bringing another snake healing herbs. Woman seeking fertility, the sick, and the injured slept in his temples in chambers where non-poisonous snakes were left to crawl on the floor and provide healing.BB14548. Billon antoninianus, RIC V-2 126, Cohen VI 154, SRCV III 11247, aEF, weight 3.540 g, maximum diameter 18.07 mm, die axis 0o, Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne, Germany) mint, obverse IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS AVGG (the health of the two emperors), Salus standing left, anchor in left, patera in right hand, feeding snake rising up from altar at feet; SOLD
Valerian I, October 253 - c. June 260 A.D.
Salus was the Roman goddess of health. She was Hygieia to the Greeks, who believed her to be the daughter of Aesculapius, the god of medicine and healing, and Epione, the goddess of soothing of pain. Her father Asclepius learned the secrets of keeping death at bay after observing one snake bringing another snake healing herbs. Woman seeking fertility, the sick, and the injured slept in his temples in chambers where non-poisonous snakes were left to crawl on the floor and provide healing.RS83692. Silver antoninianus, Göbl MIR 824c, RIC V-1 254 (Mediolanum), RSC IV 196, SRCV III 9974, Hunter IV - (p. xxxvii), Cunetio -, F, well centered, die wear, scratch on reverse, encrusted, edge cracks, weight 3.577 g, maximum diameter 21.6 mm, die axis 0o, Viminacium (Stari Kostolac, Serbia) mint, 2nd issue, 253 - 255 A.D.; obverse IMP VALERIANVS P AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS AVGG (the health of the two emperors), Salus standing slightly left, head left, from patera in right hand, feeding snake rising from altar at feet on left, long scepter vertical in left hand; scarce; SOLD
Romano-Gallic Empire, Tetricus I, Mid 271 - Spring 274 A.D.
Salus was the Roman goddess of health. She was Hygieia to the Greeks, who believed her to be the daughter of Aesculapius, the god of medicine and healing, and Epione, the goddess of soothing of pain. Her father Asclepius learned the secrets of keeping death at bay after observing one snake bringing another snake healing herbs. Woman seeking fertility, the sick, and the injured slept in his temples in chambers where non-poisonous snakes were left to crawl on the floor and provide healing.BB33939. Billon antoninianus, RIC V-2 126, Cohen VI 154, SRCV III 11247, VF, weight 2.544 g, maximum diameter 18.4 mm, die axis 180o, Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne, Germany) mint, obverse IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS AVGG (the health of the two emperors), Salus standing left, anchor in left, patera in right hand, feeding snake rising up from altar at feet; SOLD
Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Philippopolis, Thrace
Hygieia is usually said to be a daughter of Asklepios, along with her sisters, Panacea and Iaso. Hygieia, though, was the most important of the attendants of Asklepios and was thought by some in antiquity to be not his daughter but his wife. She was more important than other members of the family and more on par with Asklepios himself. Hygieia is remembered today in the word, "hygiene." She appears on numerous coins, usually depicted feeding the sacred snake from a patera. She was often identified with Salus, an old Roman goddess.RP62989. Bronze assarion, Varbanov III 1786 (R4), Mouchmov Philip 541, BMC Thrace -, SNG Cop -, SNG Fitzwilliam -, SNG Hunterian -, SNG Milan -, Lindgren -, F, obverse and reverse slightly off-center on a tight flan, weight 4.183 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 0o, Philippopolis (Plovdiv, Bulgaria) mint, obverse AYT K M AYP ANTΩNEINOC, laureate head right; reverse ΦIΛIΠΠOΠOΛEITΩN NEΩKOPΩN, Hygieia standing right, feeding snake in right from phiale in left; USA import restricted type, from the old stock of a retiring Ohio dealer acquired by Forum in 2012; scarce; SOLD
Eudoxia, Augusta 9 January 400 - Early October 404 A.D., Wife of Arcadius
The Christogram (also called a Monogramma Christi or Chrismon) is a ligature of Chi (X) and Rho (P), the first two letters of Christ in Greek. It was among the earliest symbols of Christianity. The crucifix was rarely used in early Christian iconography, perhaps because most people then had personally witnessed its gruesome use for public execution.RL16993. Bronze centenionalis, RIC X Arcadius 104 (S), LRBC II 2800, DOCLR 288, SRCV V 20895, VF, dark green patina highlighted by some sandy earthen fill, weight 2.883 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 180o, 3rd officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 401 - 403 A.D.; obverse AEL EVDOXIA AVG, pearl-diademed and draped bust right, crowned by Hand of God above; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right on cuirass, inscribing Christogram on shield resting on cippus, ANTΓ in exergue; scarce; SOLD
Romano-Gallic Empire, Tetricus I, Mid 271 - Spring 274 A.D., Barbaric Imitative
During the Crisis of the Third Century (235 - 284 A.D.), the Roman Empire nearly collapsed under the combined pressures of invasion, civil war, plague, and economic depression. In the western provinces, official mints did not meet the needs for low-value coinage and unofficial private mints struck imitations of Roman coins (usually antoniniani). These unofficial imitations, called barbarous radiates today, were not counterfeits. They were smaller than standard issues, were not intended to deceive, and probably only functioned as small change. The most frequently imitated prototypes are of the Gallic emperors Tetricus I and his son, Tetricus II.BB00165. Bronze barbarous radiate, RIC V-2 127, F, weight 2.0 g, maximum diameter 11.7 mm, die axis 180o, unofficial mint, 271 - 284 A.D.; obverse IMP TETRICUS AVG, radiate bust right; reverse SALVS AVGG (the health of the two emperors), Salus standing left feeding snake rising from altar and holding anchor; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D.
Salus was the Roman goddess of health. She was Hygieia to the Greeks, who believed her to be the daughter of Aesculapius, the god of medicine and healing, and Epione, the goddess of soothing of pain. Her father Asclepius learned the secrets of keeping death at bay after observing one snake bringing another snake healing herbs. Woman seeking fertility, the sick, and the injured slept in his temples in chambers where non-poisonous snakes were left to crawl on the floor and provide healing.RB12038. Billon antoninianus, RIC V-1 88, aVF, weight 3.72 g, maximum diameter 21.2 mm, die axis 180o, Asia mint, 260 - 268 A.D.; obverse SALONINA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, hair in horizontal ridges and in plait looped below ear up the back of head, bust resting on thin crescent; reverse SALVS AVG (the health of the Emperor), Salus standing right feeding snake; nice centering, would improve with just a little cleaning; SOLD
Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.
BB50858. Orichalcum dupondius, RIC II 516, Cohen II 487, Fair, weight 11.348 g, maximum diameter 26.4 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 104 - 107 A.D.; obverse IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P, radiate bust right, drapery on left shoulder; reverse S P Q R OPTIMO PRINCIPI S C, Salus seated left, patera in right, altar with snake at feet left; SOLD
Roman Empire, c. 1st - 3th Century A.D.
Tesserae are ancient tokens. Most were made from lead, but bronze and other materials were also used. They were used as tickets for theaters, gladiator fights, ferry passage and even brothels. Some were given as gifts by the Roman emperor or local government, often to the poor as vouchers to exchange for food.BB54462. Lead tessera, cf. Rostowtzew 1982, Fair, weight 1.579 g, maximum diameter 14.8 mm, obverse Asklepios standing facing, head left, leaning on snake-encircled staff in right; reverse Salus seated right(?); SOLD
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