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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Gods, Non-Olympian| ▸ |Tyche||View Options:  |  |  |   

Tyche

Tyche (Greek for luck; the Roman equivalent was Fortuna) was the guardian deity that governed the fortune and prosperity of a city, its destiny. She is usually depicted veiled and wearing a mural crown (a crown like the walls of the city). The blind mistress of Fortune, Tyche was arbitrary and unreliable, distributing good and evil according to her caprice and without any regard to merit. The Greek historian Polybius believed that when no cause can be discovered for events such as floods, drought or frosts then the cause of these events could be fairly attributed to Tyche.

Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D., Ascalon, Philistia, Judaea, Extremely Rare Duel Dated Variant

|Roman| |Judea| |&| |Palestina|, |Hadrian,| |11| |August| |117| |-| |10| |July| |138| |A.D.,| |Ascalon,| |Philistia,| |Judaea,| |Extremely| |Rare| |Duel| |Dated| |Variant||AE| |24|
RPC Online III notes of their specimen, "The date does seem to begin with E, even though one would expect ς with year 4 of the second era. Confirmation required. If correctly read, it might show that the Hadrianic era began at a different time of year from the normal city era, or it might just be a mistake, as commonly happened at Gaza." Our coin appears to have the expected date, but with a reversed ς.
RP111379. Bronze AE 24, Unpublished variant, RPC Online III 4014A var. (EKC, the only known specimen), VF, attractive highlighting earthen deposits, rev. off center, weight 12.265 g, maximum diameter 23.5 mm, die axis 0o, Askalon (Ashqelon, Israel) mint, 132 - 133 A.D.; obverse CEBAC-TOC (starting counterclockwise on right, ending counterclockwise on left), laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse ACKΛAW upward on left, Tyche-Astarte standing half left on prow, head left, vexillum standard in right hand, aphlaston in left hand, LΔ (year 4 [of Hadrian]) over incense altar inner left; dove standing left over ΣKC ([year] 226 [of Ascalon], Σ reversed) lower right; extremely rare; $400.00 (€376.00)
 


Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D., Petra, Arabia

|Roman| |Arabia|, |Hadrian,| |11| |August| |117| |-| |10| |July| |138| |A.D.,| |Petra,| |Arabia||AE| |25|
Petra, the capital of the ancient Nabatean Kingdom, is a famous archaeological site in Jordan's southwestern desert. UNESCO describes Petra as "one of the most precious cultural properties of man's cultural heritage." The BBC selected Petra as one of "the 40 places you have to see before you die." Accessed via a narrow canyon called Al Siq, it contains tombs and temples carved into pink sandstone cliffs, earning its nickname, the "Rose City." Perhaps its most famous structure is 45m-high Al Khazneh, a temple with an ornate, Greek-style facade, and known as The Treasury. After the last Nabataean king, Rabbel II, died in 106 A.D., Trajan incorporated Nabataea into the Roman province Arabia Petraea. One of the latest known Nabataean language inscriptions, from 191 A.D., records "...This in the year 85 of the Eparchy [Roman Rule], in which Arabs destroyed the land." It seems likely that raiding Arab tribes extinguished what remained of a weakened Nabataean culture. In 747 A.D. what was left of the Nabataean cities was destroyed in a major earthquake.Treasury
RP114507. Bronze AE 25, RPC Online III 4099; Spijkerman 2; SNG ANS 1360; Sofaer 3; BMC Arabia p. 34, 1, SNG Righetti 2543; Rosenberger IV 2, VF, green patina, flan adjustment marks, earthen deposits, weight 13.858 g, maximum diameter 25.4 mm, die axis 180o, Petra (Jordan) mint, 11 Aug 117 - 10 Jul 138 A.D.; obverse AVTOKPATΩP KAICAP TPAIANOC AΔIANOC CEBACTOC (Imperator Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus), laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, gorgon (head of Medusa) on cuirass; reverse ΠETPA MHTPOΠOΛIC, Tyche seated left on rocks, wearing turreted crown, veil, long chiton and mantel, extending open right hand, trophy of arms in left hand over left shoulder; scarce; $180.00 (€169.20)
 


Geta, 209 - c. 26 December 211 A.D., Apameia ad Maeandrum, Phrygia

|Apameia| |Cibotus|, |Geta,| |209| |-| |c.| |26| |December| |211| |A.D.,| |Apameia| |ad| |Maeandrum,| |Phrygia||AE| |26|
Struck under the authority of Artemas, agonothetes (the organizer of public games). Apamea is mentioned in the Talmud (Ber. 62a, Niddah, 30b and Yeb. 115b). Christianity was very likely established early in the city. Saint Paul probably visited the place when he went throughout Phrygia.
RP112206. Bronze AE 26, SNGvA 3503 var. (rev. leg. arrangement); SNG Cop 217 var. (same); BMC Phrygia p. 100, 174, VF, full legends, nice green deposits, earthen deposits, mild porosity, weight 8.253 g, maximum diameter 26.2 mm, die axis 180o, Phrygia, Apameia ad Maeandrum (Dinar, Turkey) mint, as caesar, 198 - 209 A.D.; obverse ΠO CEΠTI ΓETAC KAI, bareheaded, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse EΠI AΓΩNOΘETOV APTEMA AΠA/MEΩN (last four letters in fields), Tyche standing half left, holding rudder by tiller in right hand, cornucopia in left hand; $160.00 (€150.40)
 


Bruzus, Phrygia, c. 193 - 217 A.D.

|Other| |Phrygia|, |Bruzus,| |Phrygia,| |c.| |193| |-| |217| |A.D.||assarion|
Bruzus or Brouzos was a town of ancient Phrygia, in the Phrygian Pentapolis, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. Druzon, which Ptolemy places among the cities of Phrygia Magna, should be Bruzon. Its site is located near Karasandikli in Asiatic Turkey.
RP113007. Bronze assarion, Numismatik Naumann auction 81 (1 Sep 2019), lot 309; RPC Online -, SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, Isegrim -, F, well centered, toned bare metal, weight 2.862 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 0o, Bruzus (near Karasandikli, Turkey) mint, c. 193 - 217 A.D.; obverse BPOY-ZOC, turreted and draped bust of Tyche right, seen from front; reverse BPOYZ-HNΩN, Hermes standing left, nude, purse in right hand, caduceus and chlamys in left arm; the referenced Numismatik Naumann auction coin is the only other specimen of this type known to FORVM; extremely rare; $140.00 (€131.60)
 


Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D., Ascalon, Judaea

|Roman| |Judea| |&| |Palestina|, |Trajan,| |25| |January| |98| |-| |8| |or| |9| |August| |117| |A.D.,| |Ascalon,| |Judaea||AE| |23|
Askalon lies on the shore of the Mediterranean, ten miles north of Gaza and about 40 miles south of Joppa. Herod the Great ruled all of Palestine, except Askalon, which remained a free city. Today, a national park at Ashqelon, Israel includes ruins of Canaanite, Greek, Roman, Byzantine and Crusader walls and buildings. Askalon's era of autonomy, used to date this coin, began in 104 B.C.
RP111995. Bronze AE 23, RPC Online III 3996; Sofaer 114; De Saulcy 14, BMC Palestine p. 125, 156; Rosenberger III p. 76, 25 (Trajan) or 26 (Hadrian); SNG ANS 710; Yashin 163, F, green patina, light earthen deposits, porosity, weight 12.006 g, maximum diameter 23.1 mm, die axis 0o, Askalon (Ashqelon, Israel) mint, 116 - 117 A.D.; obverse CEBACTOC, laureate head right of Trajan (or Hadrian?); reverse ACKAΛΩ, Tyche-Astarte standing left on galley, vexillum in right hand, apluster in left, altar left, dove above KC (Year 220) on right; ex CNG e-auction 526 (2 Nov 2022), lot 293; $135.00 (€126.90)
 


Armenian Kingdom, Tigranes II the Great, 95 - 55 B.C.

|Armenian| |Kingdom|, |Armenian| |Kingdom,| |Tigranes| |II| |the| |Great,| |95| |-| |55| |B.C.||chalkous|
Tigranes was called "Tigranes the Great" by Plutarch. The "King of Kings" never appeared in public without having four kings attending him. At its height, Tigranes' empire extended from the Pontic Alps to Mesopotamia and from the Caspian to the Mediterranean. In 83 B.C., the Syrians offered him the crown and after conquering Phoenicia and Cilicia, he effectively ended the Seleucid Empire. His southern border reached as far as Akko-Ptolemais. The first Armenian ruler to issue coins, he adopted the Seleucid tradition and struck coins at Antioch and Damascus during his occupation of Syria from 83 to 69 B.C. In 66 B.C., Pompey advanced into Armenia with Tigranes' own son as an ally. Tigranes, now almost 75 years old, surrendered. Pompey treated him generously and returned part of his kingdom in return for 6,000 talents of silver. His unfaithful son was sent back to Rome as a prisoner. Tigranes continued to rule Armenia as an ally of Rome until his death in 55 B.C. In reference to the titulature on Tigranes II's coinage, Jack Nurpetlian in his paper, "Ancient Armenian Coins: the Artaxiad Dynasty (189 BC - AD 6)" in Berytus Archaeological Studies 51–52, writes: "The consensus is that the coins bearing the imperial title – BAΣIΛEΩΣ BAΣIΛEIΩN TIΓPANOY – are from mints located within Armenian lands, whereas the coins with the royal title – BAΣIΛEΩΣ TIΓPANOY – come from mints in newly acquired territories."
GY113387. Bronze chalkous, MDHRAC 24, Nercessian AC 51, Bedoukian CCA 92 (Nercessian and Bedoukian list as a tetrachalkon), VF/F, dark patina, earthen deposits, marks, weight 6.915 g, maximum diameter 21.3 mm, die axis 0o, 70 - 66 B.C.; obverse bust right wearing five-pointed Armenian tiara ornamented with star between two eagles, top extends outside of dotted circle; reverse Tyche seated right on rocks, turreted, holding palm frond in right, half-length figure of river-god Orontes swimming right at her feet below, BAΣIΛEΩΣ downward on right, BAΣIΛEIΩN / TIΓPANOY downward in two lines left, no letters or monograms in fields; $110.00 (€103.40)
 


Antioch, Seleukis and Pieria, Syria, 128 - 129 A.D.

|Antioch|, |Antioch,| |Seleukis| |and| |Pieria,| |Syria,| |128| |-| |129| |A.D.||trichalkon|NEW
Michael Molnar, an astronomer, believes this coin depicts Jupiter's occultation of Aries in 6 B.C., the most probable "Star of Bethlehem." We think it is unlikely; nevertheless, the type is very popular and somewhat expensive.
RY114742. Bronze trichalkon, RPC Online III 3729, Butcher CRS 266, McAlee 125(d), SNG Hunterian II 2950, Choice VF, well centered, brown tone, highlighting reddish earthen deposits, weight 5.270 g, maximum diameter 18.4 mm, die axis 0o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, reign of Hadrian, 128 - 129 A.D.; obverse ANTIOXEΩN THC MHTPOΠOΛEWC, veiled and turreted head of Tyche right; reverse ram leaping right, looking back, star within crescent above, ET ZOP (year 177 [of the Caesarean Era]) below; $110.00 (€103.40)
 


Philip I the Arab, February 244 - End of September 249 A.D., Diocaesarea, Cilicia

|Cilicia|, |Philip| |I| |the| |Arab,| |February| |244| |-| |End| |of| |September| |249| |A.D.,| |Diocaesarea,| |Cilicia||hexassarion|NEW
Diocaesarea, Cilicia was known as Olba until it was renamed during the reign of Vespasian. According to a legend told by Strabo (Geography, 14.5.10), the temple of Zeus Olbius was founded by Ajax, one of the Greek heroes of the Trojan War. The city and its surrounding territory was a theocracy, ruled by the hereditary priests of the temple.
RP113345. Bronze hexassarion, BMC 18 (same dies); RPC Online VIII U2053; Staffieri Diocaesarea 22; SNG BN 879 var. (rev. leg.); SNG Levante 676 var. (same); c/m: Howgego 470, F, rough brown surfaces, edge split, weight 22.790 g, maximum diameter 33.8 mm, die axis 0o, Olba-Dioceasarea (Mersin Province, Turkey) mint, Feb 244 - End Sep 249 A.D.; obverse AYT K M IOYΛIOC ΦIΛIΠΠOC CE,B (final B in lower right field), radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; c/m: six pointed star in 6.3mm round incuse; reverse AΔPI ΔIOKAICAP-E-ΩN MH, KEN/NA/T (ending in three lines upper center field), Tyche of Diocaesarea on left, seated right, turreted and draped, stalks of grain in right hand; Tyche of Olba on right, standing left, draped, kalathos on head, rudder in right hand, cornucopia in left hand; river-god Calycadnus(?) swimming left below; big AE34!, ex CNG e-sale 537 (26 Apr 2023), lot 330; ex Dr. Michael Slavin Collection; $100.00 (€94.00) ON RESERVE


Antioch, Seleucis and Pieria, Syria, 5 - 4 B.C., Legate P. Quinctilius Varus

|Antioch|, |Antioch,| |Seleucis| |and| |Pieria,| |Syria,| |5| |-| |4| |B.C.,| |Legate| |P.| |Quinctilius| |Varus||trichalkon|
Publius Quinctilius Varus was a Roman general and politician under Augustus. From 7 or 6 B.C. until 4 B.C. he governed Syria where he was known for harsh rule and high taxes. Josephus mentions the swift action of Varus in 4 B.C., against a revolt in Judaea following the death of Herod the Great. Varus occupied Jerusalem and crucified 2000 rebels. Varus is most infamous for losing three Roman legions in an ambush by Germanic tribes led by Arminius in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, at which point he took his own life. Upon hearing the news, Augustus tore his clothes, refused to cut his hair for months and, for years afterward, was heard, upon occasion, to moan, "Quinctilius Varus, give me back my Legions!" (Quintili Vare, legiones redde!).
RY111987. Bronze trichalkon, McAlee 87; Butcher 50c; RPC I 4252; SNG Cop 92; SNG Munchen 640; BMC Galatia p. 159, 59; Cohen DCA 402 (S), F, dark patina, highlighting earthen deposits, off center, edge split, weight 6.882 g, maximum diameter 25.1 mm, die axis 0o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, legate P. Quinctilius Varus, 5 - 4 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Zeus right; reverse ANTIOXEΩ EΠI OVAPOV, Tyche of Antioch seated right on rocks, turreted, wearing chiton and peplos, palm frond in her right hand, half-length figure of river-god Orontes swimming right below, his head turned facing, ZK (Actian Era year 27) in the right field; scarce; $95.00 (€89.30)
 


Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Samosata, Commagene, Syria

|Samosata|, |Elagabalus,| |16| |May| |218| |-| |11| |March| |222| |A.D.,| |Samosata,| |Commagene,| |Syria||AE| |21|
Samosata was an ancient city on the right (west) bank of the Euphrates. Its ruins existed at the modern city of Samsat, Adiyaman Province, Turkey until the site was flooded by the Atatürk Dam. The unusual depiction of two Tyches suggests a link between Samosata and another city. The closest metropolis was Edessa in Mesopotamia, 20 miles to the east.
RP112247. Bronze AE 21, RPC Online VI T7977 (6 spec.); BMC Galatia p. 120, 34 corr. (Caracalla); Butcher CRS 27 var. (no eagle); SNG Cop -, aVF, rough, porous, off center on a tight flan cutting off parts of legends, weight 5.201 g, maximum diameter 21.1 mm, die axis 0o, Samosata (site now flooded by the Atatürk Dam) mint, 16 Mar 218 - 11 Mar 222 A.D.; obverse AYT K M AY ANTWNINOC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from the front; reverse MHTPO KOMMA Φ CAMOCATEWN, two busts of Tyche, draped, turreted and veiled, facing one another, eagle standing facing with head right and wings open between them; rare; $90.00 (€84.60)
 




  



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