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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Animals| ▸ |Camel||View Options:   | | | The camel was a symbol of Arabia. |
Bostra was first mentioned in the documents of Tutmose III and Akhenaton (14th century BC). Bosra was the first Nabataean city in the 2nd century B.C. The Nabataean Kingdom was conquered by Cornelius Palma, a general of Trajan, in 106 A.D. Under the Roman Empire, Bosra was renamed Nova Trajana Bostra, and was the residence of the legio III Cyrenaica and capital of the Roman province Arabia Petraea. The city flourished and became a major metropolis at the juncture of several trade routes, including the Roman road to the Red Sea. The two Councils of Arabia were held at Bostra in 246 and 247 A.D. The city continued under the Byzantine Empire, was conquered by the Sassanid Persians in the early 7th century, and finally conquered by the forces of the Rashidun Caliphate under Khalid ibn Walid in the Battle of Bosra in 634.RS46939. Silver drachm, Kindler Bostra 11, Sydenham Caesarea 205, Metcalf 18, VF, nicely centered, weight 3.267 g, maximum diameter 20.4 mm, die axis 180o, Bostra (Bosra, Syria) mint, 112 - 114 A.D.; obverse AVTOKP KAIC NEP TPAIANW APICTW CEB ΓEPM ΔAK, laureate and draped bust right; reverse ΔHMAPX EΞ YΠA TO Σ (holder of Tribunitian power, consul for the 6th time), Bactrian camel, with two humps, walking left on exergual line; SOLD
Roman Republic, First Triumvirate, A. Plautius, c. 55 B.C.
In 67 B.C., Aristobulus II rebelled against his older brother Hyrcanus II, the king of Judaea. Both brothers appealed to Pompey's deputy Marcus Aemilius Scaurus, who, bribed by a gift of 400 talents, decided in favor of Aristobulus. When Pompey arrived in Syria in 63 B.C., both brothers sent delegates to Damascus, but Pompey did not make an immediate decision. Aristobulus' followers refused to open the gates of Jerusalem and Romans forces besieged and captured the city. Pompey deemed Hyrcanus II, the elder, weaker brother a more reliable ally. Hyrcanus was restored as high priest, but not as king. Aristobulus was taken to Rome as a prisoner. In 57 B.C. Aristobulus escaped to Judaea and instigated another rebellion. A young cavalry commander, Marc Antony, led several men to scale Aristobulus' fortifications leading to his recapture. At the time this coin was struck in 55 B.C., Aristobulus was a prisoner in Rome. Julius Caesar released him in 49 B.C., hoping to turn Judaea against Pompey, but on his way to Judaea he was poisoned by a Pompey supporter. With help from the Parthians, Aristobulus' son Antigonus rebelled against Rome and became king in 40 B.C. He was defeated by Rome and killed in 37 B.C.
This special issue was struck by an Aedile Curule. Aediles supervised public works and staged games. Since this issue bears turreted Cybele, we may speculate it was to finance a building project.RR97228. Silver denarius, Crawford 431/1, Sydenham 932, RSC I Plautia 13, BMCRR Rome 3916, Russo RBW 1540, SRCV I 395, VF, iridescent toning, bumps and scratches, slightly off center on a tight flan, weight 4.032 g, maximum diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 315o, Rome mint, 55 B.C.; obverse AED • CVR • S • C downwards on left, A • PLAVTIVS downwards on right, turreted head of Cybele right, wearing cruciform earring, hair rolled and in knot at the back, locks falling down neck; reverse Bacchius Judaeus (Aristobulus II high priest and ruler of Judaea) kneeling right, with left hand holding reins of camel standing right on his far side, raising olive branch in right hand, IVDAEVS upward on right, BACCHIVS in exergue; SOLD
Roman Republic, First Triumvirate, A. Plautius, c. 55 B.C.
In 67 B.C., Aristobulus II rebelled against his older brother Hyrcanus II, the king of Judaea. Both brothers appealed to Pompey's deputy Marcus Aemilius Scaurus, who, bribed by a gift of 400 talents, decided in favor of Aristobulus. When Pompey arrived in Syria in 63 B.C., both brothers sent delegates to Damascus, but Pompey did not make an immediate decision. Aristobulus' followers refused to open the gates of Jerusalem and Romans forces besieged and captured the city. Pompey deemed Hyrcanus II, the elder, weaker brother a more reliable ally. Hyrcanus was restored as high priest, but not as king. Aristobulus was taken to Rome as a prisoner. In 57 B.C. Aristobulus escaped to Judaea and instigated another rebellion. A young cavalry commander, Marc Antony, led several men to scale Aristobulus' fortifications leading to his recapture. At the time this coin was struck in 55 B.C., Aristobulus was a prisoner in Rome. Julius Caesar released him in 49 B.C., hoping to turn Judaea against Pompey, but on his way to Judaea he was poisoned by a Pompey supporter. With help from the Parthians, Aristobulus' son Antigonus rebelled against Rome and became king in 40 B.C. He was defeated by Rome and killed in 37 B.C.
This special issue was struck by an Aedile Curule. Aediles supervised public works and staged games. Since this issue bears turreted Cybele, we may speculate it was to finance a building project.RR91410. Silver denarius, RSC I Plautia 13, Sydenham 932, Crawford 431/1, BMCRR Rome 3916, Russo RBW 1540, SRCV I 395, VF, old collection toning, reverse a little off center, weight 3.803 g, maximum diameter 17.3 mm, die axis 90o, Rome mint, 55 B.C.; obverse AED • CVR • S • C downwards on left, A • PLAVTIVS downwards on right, turreted head of Cybele right, wearing cruciform earring, hair rolled and in knot at the back, locks falling down neck; reverse Bacchius Judaeus (Aristobulus II High Priest and King of Judaea) kneeling right, with left hand holding reins of camel standing right on his far side, raising olive branch in right hand, IVDAEVS upward on right, BACCHIVS in exergue; from the Maxwell Hunt Collection; SOLD
Roman Republic, First Triumvirate, Marcus Aemilius Scaurus & Publius Plautius Hypsaeus, 58 B.C.
M. Aemilius Scaurus, in 62 B.C., as quaestor to Pompey, was sent against King Aretas but withdrew when Aretas paid 300 talents. Aemilius was curule aedile when this coin was struck. This was the first time a moneyer publicized an event from his own career on coinage. Later he was praetor and propraetor, lost a campaign for Consul, and successfully defended Cicero. In 52 B.C., he was charged with bribery and went into exile.RR91411. Silver denarius, Crawford 422/1b, Sydenham 913, RSC I Aemilia 8, Russo RBW 1519, SRCV I 379, gVF, beautiful old collection toning, obverse a little off center, weight 3.803 g, maximum diameter 17.9 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 58 B.C.; obverse Aretas, King of Nabataea, kneeling beside camel raising olive branch with fillet, M·SCAVR over AED·CVR above, EX - S C at sides, REX ARETAS in exergue; reverse Jupiter in quadriga left, reins in right, hurling thunderbolt with left, scorpion below, P HYPSAEVS / AED CVR above, CAPT on right, C HYPSAE COS / PREIVE in exergue; from the Maxwell Hunt Collection; SOLD
Roman Republic, First Triumvirate, Marcus Aemilius Scaurus & Publius Plautius Hypsaeus, 58 B.C.
M. Aemilius Scaurus, in 62 B.C., as quaestor to Pompey, was sent against King Aretas but withdrew when Aretas paid 300 talents. Aemilius was curule aedile when this coin was struck. This was the first time a moneyer publicized an event from his own career on coinage. Later he was praetor and propraetor, lost a campaign for Consul, and successfully defended Cicero. In 52 B.C., he was charged with bribery and went into exile.RR97738. Silver denarius, Crawford 422/1b, Sydenham 913, RSC I Aemilia 8, Russo RBW 1519, SRCV I 379, gVF, attractive toning, tight flan, mild die wear, weight 3.779 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, 58 B.C.; obverse Aretas, King of Nabataea, kneeling beside camel raising olive branch with fillet, M·SCAVR over AED·CVR above, EX - S C divided across field, REX ARETAS in exergue; reverse Jupiter in quadriga left, reins in right, hurling thunderbolt with left, scorpion below, P·HYPSAEVS over AED·CVR above, CAPT on right, C·HYPSAE·COS over PREIVE in exergue; ex Áureo & Calicó auction 352 (20 Oct 2020), lot 2046; SOLD
Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D., Bostra, Arabia
Bostra was the northern Nabataean capital, until Trajan annexed the kingdom. It was then capital of Provincia Arabia, where the Third Legio Cyrenaica was garrisoned. The emperor Philip was born in Bostra and designated it a metropolis.RS77327. Silver drachm, RPC Online III 4073, Metcalf Tell Kalak 15, SNG ANS 1155, Sydenham Cappadocia 184 (Caesarea), Kindler Bostra -, SNG Cop -, VF, well centered on a tight flan cutting off parts of legends, toned, light marks, slight porosity, weight 3.300 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, Bostra (Bosra, Syria) mint, 1 Jan - 9 Dec 112 A.D.; obverse AYTOKP KAIC NEP TPAIAN CEB ΓEPM ΔAK (Imperator Caesar Nerva Augustus Germanicus Dacicus), laureate bust right, slight drapery on left shoulder; reverse ΔHMAPX EΞ Iς YΠAT ς (holder of Tribunitian power for 16 years, consul for the 6th time), Arabia standing facing, head left, wearing chiton, peplos and stephane, branch downward in right hand, bundle of cinnamon sticks in left hand, camel left in background on left; SOLD
Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.
In 106 A.D., King Rabbel II of Nabataea died, after ruling since 70 A.D. Although there is no evidence of a pretext for annexation and Rabbel II had an heir named Obodas, Trajan moved Third Cyrenaica from Egypt into Petra and the Sixth Ferrata, a Syrian garrison unit, to occupy Bostra. It seems was some resistance from the Nabataean royal guard, but annexation was not widely resisted and there was little fighting. Trajan did not adopt the appellation Arabicus, as he did Dacius when he conquered Dacia, and Nabataean troops served as Roman auxiliary troops soon after conquest.SH52310. Silver denarius, Woytek 285b, RIC II 142, RSC II 89, BMCRE III 297, BnF IV 452, Hunter II 91 var. (no dr.), SRCV II -, gVF, toned, excellent portrait, weight 2.963 g, maximum diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 110 A.D.; obverse IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P, laureate bust right, slight drapery on left shoulder; reverse COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC, Arabia standing front, head left, branch in right hand, bundle of cinnamon sticks in left hand, camel walking left in background on left; SOLD
Roman Republic, First Triumvirate, Marcus Aemilius Scaurus & Publius Plautius Hypsaeus, 58 B.C.
M. Aemilius Scaurus, in 62 B.C., as quaestor to Pompey, was sent against King Aretas but withdrew when Aretas paid 300 talents. Aemilius was curule aedile when this coin was struck. This was the first time a moneyer publicized an event from his own career on coinage. Later he was praetor and propraetor, lost a campaign for Consul, and successfully defended Cicero. In 52 B.C., he was charged with bribery and went into exile. RR110662. Silver denarius, Crawford 422/1b, Sydenham 913, RSC I Aemilia 8, Russo RBW 1519, SRCV I 379, gVF, toned, reverse off center, tight flan, weight 4.023 g, maximum diameter 17.8 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 58 B.C.; obverse Aretas, King of Nabataea, kneeling beside camel raising olive branch with fillet, M SCAVR / AED CVR above, EX - S C at sides, REX ARETAS in exergue; reverse Jupiter in quadriga left, reins in right, hurling thunderbolt with left, scorpion below, P HYPSAEVS / AED CVR above, CAPTV on right, C HYPSAE COS / PREIVER in exergue; ex Gorny & Mosch auction 291 (8 Nov 2022), lot 3304; SOLD
Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.
This type was issued to commemorate the founding of the Roman province Arabia Petraea, consisting of the former Nabataean kingdom in Jordan, the southern Levant, the Sinai Peninsula, and the northwestern area of the Arabian peninsula. Trajan completed the Via Nova Traiana, a road from Bostra through Petra to the port at Aqaba, made Bostra the capital of the province, and awarded Petra the status of metropolis. Unlike Armenia, Mesopotamia, and Assyria, Rome held Arabia long after Trajan's rule. In Diocletian's restructuring of the empire in 284 - 305, the province was enlarged to include parts of modern-day Israel. After Diocletian, Arabia became a part of the Diocese of Oriens ("the East"). In the Byzantine period, Arabia was the frontline of Byzantine-Sassanid Wars. In the 5th or 6th century, it was transformed into Palaestina Salutaris.RS113109. Silver denarius, Woytek 396b, Strack I 174, RIC II 245, RSC II 26, BMCRE III 474, SRCV II -, VF, excellent portrait, flow lines, iridescent toning, rev. die wear, weight 3.630 g, maximum diameter 18.9 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 112 - 113 A.D.; obverse IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P, laureate bust right, slight drapery on left shoulder; reverse S P Q R OPTIMO PRINCIPI, Arabia standing front, head left, branch downward in right hand, bundle of cinnamon sticks in right hand, camel walking left in background on left, ARAB ADQ in exergue; SOLD
Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.
This type was issued to commemorate the founding of the Roman province Arabia Petraea, consisting of the former Nabataean kingdom in Jordan, the southern Levant, the Sinai Peninsula, and the northwestern area of the Arabian peninsula. Trajan completed the Via Nova Traiana, a road from Bostra through Petra to the port at Aqaba, made Bostra the capital of the province, and awarded Petra the status of metropolis. Unlike Armenia, Mesopotamia, and Assyria, Rome held Arabia long after Trajan's rule. In Diocletian's restructuring of the empire in 284 - 305, the province was enlarged to include parts of modern-day Israel. After Diocletian, Arabia became a part of the Diocese of Oriens ("the East"). In the Byzantine period, Arabia was the frontline of Byzantine-Sassanid Wars. In the 5th or 6th century, it was transformed into Palaestina Salutaris.SH84710. Silver denarius, Woytek 396b, Strack I 174, RIC II 245, RSC II 26, BMCRE III 474, SRCV II -, VF, nice portrait, well centered, toned, light marks and scratches, weight 3.328 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 112 - 113 A.D.; obverse IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P, laureate bust right, slight drapery on left shoulder; reverse S P Q R OPTIMO PRINCIPI, Arabia standing front, head left, branch downward in right hand, bundle of cinnamon sticks in right hand, camel walking left in background on left, ARAB ADQ in exergue; ex CNG e-auction 388, part of lot 704; SOLD
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