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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Gods, Olympians| ▸ |Ares or Mars||View Options:   | | | God of war and bloodshed. Symbols include the boar and the spear. Son of Zeus and Hera. |
Mars, the god of war, was, according to the common belief of the ancients, the son of Jupiter and of Juno; or as some of the later poets have pretended, the son of Juno, by whom solely he was generated, as the goddess Minerva was brought forth from Jupiter alone. Mars was regarded as a great leader in battle; as presiding over discord and contest, everywhere exciting slaughter and war. Although this divinity had numerous adorers in Greece and in many other countries, there was no place where his worship became more popular than in Rome.RS111588. Silver denarius, RIC IV 73, RSC III 332, BMCRE VI 453, cf. SRCV II 7898 (TR P IIII), Hunter III 38 (TR P VI), aEF, choice obv., nice portrait, radiating flow lines, rev. die wear, edge a bit ragged, flan crack, weight 2.710 g, maximum diameter 19.4 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, earlier part of 228 A.D.; obverse IMP C M AVR SEV ALEXAND AVG, laureate and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse P M TR P VII COS II P P, Mars advancing right, nude but for crested helmet and cloak tied in belt at waist and flying behind, transverse spear in right hand, trophy of captured arms over left shoulder in left hand; ex Numismatik Naumann auction 124 (8 Jan 2023), lot 986 (part of);
Trajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.
| On 8 or 9 August 117, Trajan, age 63, died at Selinus, Cilicia while en route from Mesopotamia to Italy. On his death bed, he adopted Hadrian as his successor. The Roman Empire reached its maximum territorial extent at the time of Trajan's death. Hadrian soon abandoned indefensible parts of Mesopotamia to the Parthians. |  |
Amisos, Pontos, c. 105 - 85 B.C.
Amisos was settled c. 760 - 750 B.C. by people from Miletus, who established a flourishing trade relationship with the ancient peoples of Anatolia. Amisos came under the rule of the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great's Macedonian Empire, and then the Kingdom of Pontus. The Romans took control in 47 B.C. and Amisos remained within the Byzantine Empire after the fall of Rome. In 1200, the city was captured by the Seljuks, to be later taken over by the Ilhanlilar. Amisos today is Samsun, a city of about half a million people on the north coast of Turkey.GB113913. Bronze AE 20, cf. SNG BM 1159; SNG Stancomb 678; BMC Pontus p. 17, 46; Rec Gen p. 68, 31; SNG Cop 154; HGC 7 241, F, near centered, porosity, scratches, weight 7.483 g, maximum diameter 19.9 mm, die axis 0o, Amisos (Samsun, Turkey) mint, struck under Mithradates VI, c. 105 - 85 B.C.; obverse head of Ares right in crested helmet; reverse sword in sheath with strap, AMI-ΣOY divided across field, star within crescent with horns up upper left, IB upper right, ΩΠA monogram lower left, monogram (off flan) lower right;
Roman Syria, Antioch, Civic Series, 12 - 13 A.D., The "Star of Bethlehem Coin"
Michael Molnar, an astronomer, believes this coin depicts Jupiter's occultation of Aries in 6 B.C., the most probable "Star of Bethlehem."GB114916. Bronze AE 20, RPC Online I 4268; McAlee 98; BMC Galatia p. 159, 63; SNG Cop 97; Butcher 57, aVF, dark brown patina, highlighting reddish earthen deposits (Syrian patina), weight 7.779 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 0o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 12 - 13 A.D.; obverse Zeus' laureate head right; reverse ANTIOXEΩN MHTPOΠOΛEΩN, ram running right, looking back, star above, ΓM (year 43) below, ANT monogram in exergue; ex N&N London online auction 37 (2 Oct 2023), lot 201;
Sinope, Paphlagonia, c. 105 - 85 B.C.
Sinope, founded from Miletus about 630 B.C., was a flourishing city, preeminent in Paphlagonia. In 183 B.C. it was captured by Pharnaces I and became the capital of the kingdom of Pontus. Lucullus conquered Sinope for Rome in 70, and Julius Caesar established a Roman colony there, Colonia Julia Felix, in 47 B.C.GB99015. Bronze AE 21, SNG BM Black Sea 1528; SNG Stancomb 795; Rec Gén p. 196, 67; BMC Pontus p. 100, 50; HGC 7 418, gVF, dark green patina, porous, a few pits, off center, weight 7.378 g, maximum diameter 20.5 mm, die axis 0o, Sinope (Sinop, Turkey) mint, struck under Mithradates VI, c. 105 - 85 B.C.; obverse head of Ares right in crested helmet; reverse sword in sheath with strap, ΣINΩ-ΠHΣ divided across field;
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