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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Anatolia| ▸ |Phrygia||View Options:   | | | Phrygia lies in western central Anatolia (Asia Minor) between Bithynia, Mysia, Lydia, Pisidia, and Galatia. The cities were found in the valleys and high plains between the many high mountains of the land. The native Phrygians, whose inscriptions have not yet been deciphered, fell under Lydian, then Persian, then Macedonian rule. Greek and Macedonian settlers were planted in Phrygia by the Seleucids and Attalids in a mutual rivalry, but northern Phrygia was overrun by Celts (eventually it would become Galatia). After the defeat of Antiochus at Magnesia, Phrygia was assigned to the kingdom of Pergamum in 188 B.C., after which it became intensely Hellenized and first struck coins. Rome took control, along with the rest of the Pergamene kingdom, in 133 B.C. |
| Apameia ad Meandrum (or Apamea Cibotus) was an ancient city founded in the 3rd century B.C. by Antiochus I Soter, who named it after his mother Apama. It was in Hellenistic Phrygia, but became part of the Roman province of Pisidia. Apamea is mentioned in the Talmud (Ber. 62a, Niddah, 30b and Yeb. 115b). Christianity was very likely established early in the city. Saint Paul probably visited the place when he went throughout Phrygia. The mid third century A.D. coins of Apamea Kibotos with scenes of Noah and his ark are among the earliest biblical scenes in Roman art. Apamea continued to be a prosperous town under the Roman Empire. Its decline began with the local disorganization of the empire in the 3rd century and when trade routes were diverted to Constantinople. Although a bishopric, it was not an important military or commercial center in Byzantine times. Its ruin was completed by an earthquake. |  |
Hierapolis, Phrygia, c. 211 - 249 A.D.
Hierapolis (Greek: "Holy City") was located on hot springs in Phrygia in southwestern Anatolia. Its ruins are adjacent to modern Pamukkale in Turkey and are designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The hot springs have been used as a spa since the 2nd century B.C., with many patrons retiring or dying there. The large necropolis is filled with sarcophagi.GB78005. Bronze AE 28, RPC Online IV 9993 (12 spec.); SNG Mün 233; BMC Phrygia p. 236, 57; SNG Cop 437; SNGvA 3626; McClean III 8817; Johnston Hierapolis -; SNG Leypold -, F, rough, scratches, weight 9.188 g, maximum diameter 27.5 mm, die axis 0o, Phrygia, Hierapolis (near Pamukkale, Turkey) mint, c. 211 - 249 A.D.; obverse ΛAIPBHNOΣ, radiate and draped bust of Helios Lairbenos; reverse IEPAΠOΛEITΩN, Hygieia seated left on throne without back, wearing kalathos on head and chiton, feeding snake rising up before her from phiale in right hand, left arm resting on a tympanum or cushion; Telesphoros behind standing facing wearing hooded coat; from the Butte College Foundation, ex Lindgren; very rare; SOLD
Laodicea ad Lycum, Phrygia, Time of Tiberius, 14 - 37 A.D.
Laodicea on the Lycus was the ancient Hellenistic metropolis of Phrygia Pacatiana, in Anatolia near the modern village of Eskihisar, Denizli Province, Turkey. It is one of the Seven churches of Asia mentioned in the Book of Revelation.
A labrys is a double-headed ax, also known to the classical Greeks as a pelekus or sagaris, and to the Romans as a bipennis.RP84894. Bronze AE 14, RPC I 2910; BMC Phrygia p. 288, 59; SNG Cop 512; SNG Munchen 348, VF, attractive black surfaces, some light marks, areas of slight porosity, earthen deposits, weight 3.146 g, maximum diameter 14.3 mm, Laodikeia mint, magistrate of Pythes, son of Pythes; obverse Aphrodite standing left, dove in extended right hand, B over ΠYΘ monogram (magistrate Pythes II) on left, ΛAOΔIKΕΩN downward on right; reverse river god Lykos in wolf form, labrys across shoulder, all within laurel wreath; ex Roma Numismatics e-sale 27, lot 257; rare; SOLD
Cotiaeum, Phrygia, c. 253 - 258 A.D.
| Cybele, the Phrygian "Great Mother" earth goddess, was born a hermaphrodite, but castrated by the gods, she became female. After dire prodigies, including a meteor shower and a failed harvest, seemed to warn of Rome's imminent defeat to Hannibal, the Roman senate consulted the Sibylline oracle. Heeding the oracle's advice, the senate brought worship of Cybele to Rome in 204 B.C. as the first officially sanctioned Eastern cult. After approval, they were dismayed to learn that the priesthood required voluntary self-castration, which was abhorrent to the Romans. Romans were barred from entering the priesthood or even entering the priest's sanctuary. The eunuch priests, recruited from outside Rome, were confined to their sanctuary, leaving only to parade in the streets during festivals in April. Claudius removed the bans on Roman participation, making worship of Cybele and her consort Attis part of the state religion. |  |
Gaius Caesar, 20 B.C. - 21 Feb 4 A.D., Laodicea ad Lycum, Phrygia
Gaius Caesar was the grandson of Augustus, the son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia, Augustus' only daughter. Gaius and his younger brother, Lucius Caesar, were raised by their grandfather as his adopted sons and joint-heirs to the empire. Gaius experienced an accelerated political career with the Roman Senate allowing him to advance without first holding a quaestorship or praetorship, offices that ordinary senators were required to hold as part of the cursus honorum. In 1 B.C., Gaius was given command of the eastern provinces, after which he concluded a peace treaty with King Phraates V of Parthia on an island in the Euphrates. He was consul for the following year, 1 A.D. His brother Lucius died at Massilia 20 August 2 A.D. Approximately 18 months later, on 21 February 4 A.D., Gaius died of an illness in Lycia. Following the deaths of Gaius and Lucius, Augustus adopted his stepson, Tiberius, as well as his sole-surviving grandson, Agrippa Postumus.RP93133. Bronze AE 16, RPC I 2900; BMC Phrygia p. 303, 154; SNG Cop 557; SNGvA 3838; Lindgren-Kovacs 990A, VF, broad flan, obverse off center, mild porosity, weight 3.852 g, maximum diameter 15.6 mm, die axis 0o, Laodicea ad Lycum (near Denizli, Turkey) mint, magistrate Anto. Polemon Philopatris, c. 5 B.C.; obverse ΓAIOΣ KAIΣAP, bare head right; reverse eagle standing facing, turned slightly to right, head and tail left, ΠOΛE monogram left, ΦIΛOΠAT monogram right, ΛAOΔIKEΩN below; from the Errett Bishop Collection; SOLD
Apameia ad Maeandrum, Phrygia, c. 88 - 40 B.C.
Rome received Apameia with the Pergamene Kingdom in 133 B.C., but sold it to Mithridates V of Pontus, who held it till 120 BC. After the Mithridatic Wars it became a great center for trade, largely carried on by resident Italians and Jews. By order of Flaccus, nearly 45 kilograms of gold, intended by Jews for the Temple in Jerusalem was confiscated in Apamea in 62 B.C.GB93764. Bronze AE 25, SNG Cop 167; SNG Munchen 116; BMC Phrygia p. 86, 97; HGC 7 670; SNGvA -, aVF, brassy high points with toned recesses, obverse slightly off center, light scratches, weight 8.633 g, maximum diameter 24.5 mm, die axis 45o, Phrygia, Apameia ad Maeandrum (Dinar, Turkey) mint, c. 88 - 40 B.C.; obverse bust of Athena right, wearing high-crested Corinthian helmet and aegis; reverse eagle alighting right from a basis ornamented with meander pattern, star above, basis flanked on each side by a star above a pileus, AΠAMEΩN above, ΦAINIΠΠOY / ΔPAKONTO ([magistrate] Phainippos, son of Drakon) in two lines below; from the Errett Bishop Collection; SOLD
Tiberius, 19 August 14 - 16 March 37 A.D., Eumeneia, Phrygia
Eumenia, Phrygia was founded by Attalus II Philadelphus (159 - 138 B.C.) at the source of the Cludrus, near the Glaucus, and named after his brother Eumenes. Numerous inscriptions and many coins remain to show that Eumenia was an important and prosperous city under Roman rule. As early as the third century its population was in great part Christian, and it seems to have suffered much during the persecution of Diocletian. The remains of Eumenia are located in Denizli Province, Turkey on the shore of Lake Isikli near Civril.RP96118. Bronze AE 18, RPC I 3147; SNG Munchen 206; SNG Cop 391; SNGvA 3589; Waddington 6026; AMC I 1384; BMC Phrygia p. 216, 37, VF, nice dark green patina, porosity, off center, weight 5.175 g, maximum diameter 18.4 mm, die axis 0o, Eumeneia (near Civril, Turkey) mint, 9 Aug 14 - 16 Mar 37; obverse ΣEBAΣ-TOΣ, laureate head right; reverse Zeus standing facing, head left, wearing himation, phiale in right hand, resting left hand on scepter, star above crescent with horns up outer left, EYME-NEΩN downward on left, KΛEΩN AΓAΠHTOC (Kleon Agapetos [magistrate]) in two downward lines on right; SOLD
Cotiaeum, Phrygia, 253 - 268 A.D.
The image of Demos, the personification of the People, was used on ancient coinage as early as the 5th century B.C. In Roman times, many towns under Roman domination struck pseudo-autonomous coinage depicting either the bust or head of Demos, or showed him standing with the emperor, Boule, or the Demos of another city.RP96502. Bronze AE 27, Kurth Demos 154; Martin Demos Kotiaion 11; BMC Phrygia p. 160, 9; Waddington 5886, SNG Cop -; SNGvA -, aVF, dark green patina, rough crackle-like surface corrosion, edge cracks, weight 9.334 g, maximum diameter 27.4 mm, die axis 45o, Kotiaeion (Kütahya, Turkey) mint, time of Valerian and Gallienus, 253 - 268 A.D.; obverse ΔHMOC KOTIAEΩN (the people of Kotiaeion), bearded bust of Demos right, slight drapery; reverse EΠI Π AIΛ ΔHMHTPIANOY IΠΠ AP-X (MHM ligate, under authority of P. Aelius Demetrianos, equis and archon), Apollo standing facing, head right, legs crossed, nude but for chlamys on shoulders and down back, laurel branch in right hand, resting left forearm on tall tripod lebes to right, K-O/TI-AE/Ω-N in three divided lines across upper field; very rare; SOLD
Tiberius, 19 August 14 - 16 March 37 A.D., Laodicea ad Lycum, Phrygia
Tiberius became Augustus' stepson when the emperor married Livia in 38 B.C. Augustus forced Tiberius to divorce the wife he loved and to marry his daughter Julia. Tiberius hated his new wife and escaped her by going into voluntary exile at Rhodes in 6 B.C. After the deaths of the other possible successors, he was recalled in 2 A.D. and groomed to succeed Augustus, which he did on 19 August 14. The empire thrived under Tiberius; however, his reign was marred by a conspiracy to rule by his Praetorian Praefect Sejanus and by his descent into paranoia near the end of his reign. Tiberius moved to Capri in 26 and ruled from there until his natural death on 16 March 37.RP99003. Leaded bronze AE 19, RPC I 2911; SNG Cop 549; BMC Phrygia p. 301, 143 (Augustus); Waddington 6263; Weber 7139, aF, well centered, brown patina, pitting, weight 5.152 g, maximum diameter 18.8 mm, die axis 0o, Laodicea ad Lycus (near Denizli, Turkey) mint, under Dioskourides, magistrate for the 2nd time; obverse ΣEBAΣTOΣ, bare head of Tiberius right; reverse Zeus Laodiceus standing left, eagle in extended right hand, vertical staff in left hand, ΛAO-ΔIKEΩN downward on left, ΔIOΣKOYPIDHΣ TO ΔEYTEPON in two downward lines on right, KOP monogram outer right; SOLD
Synnada, Phrygia, 3rd Century A.D.
Synnada (Suhut, Turkey today) was of considerable importance as a station on the road from Apameia to the north and east. Synnada was celebrated throughout the Roman Empire for its precious Synnadic marble, a light color marble interspersed with purple spots and veins. From quarries on Mount Persis in neighboring Docimeium, it was conveyed through Synnada to Ephesus, from which it was shipped over sea to Italy.RP99044. Bronze AE 26, SNGvA 3980; SNG Cop 724; BMC Phrygia p. 398, 31, Choice F, well centered, green patina, light earthen deposits, weight 6.965 g, maximum diameter 25.7 mm, die axis 270o, Synnada (Suhut, Turkey) mint, 3rd century A.D.; obverse ΘEA PΩMH, helmeted and draped bust of Roma right; reverse CYNNAΔEΩN, clasped right hands; rare; SOLD
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