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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Greek Imperial| ▸ |Phoenicia||View Options:  |  |  |     

Roman Provincial Coins from Phoenicia
Titus, 24 June 79 - 13 September 81 A.D., Berytos, Phoenicia

|Titus|, |Titus,| |24| |June| |79| |-| |13| |September| |81| |A.D.,| |Berytos,| |Phoenicia||AE| |25|
Named for the daughter of Augustus, Colonia Iulia Augusta Felix Berytus was founded in 14 B.C. with veterans of the 5th and 8th legions. Herod the Great, Herod Agrippa I, and Herod Agrippa II built sumptuous monuments and sponsored gladiatorial combats at Berytos. After the siege of Jerusalem, Titus gave gladiatorial games at Berytos, in which the combatants were Jews.
RP78052. Bronze AE 25, RPC II 2045; Rouvier 513; BMC Phoenicia p. 63, 80; Lindgren-Kovacs 2257, F, legends partially unstruck, tight flan, weight 13.319 g, maximum diameter 25.1 mm, Berytos (Beirut, Lebanon) mint, obverse IMP T CAESAR AVG F, bare head left; reverse COL IVL AVG, priest with yoke of two oxen right, plowing the pomerium (sacred boundary), founding the new colony; from the Butte College Foundation, ex Lindgren; SOLD


Arados, Phoenicia, 59 - 58 B.C.

|Phoenicia|, |Arados,| |Phoenicia,| |59| |-| |58| |B.C.||AE| |23|
In 259 B.C. Arados increased her autonomy and dominated a federation of nearby cities including Gabala, Karne, Marathos and Simyra. Thus began the era of Aradus, to which the subsequent coins of the city are dated. Arados was not completely independent, however, the Seleukids retained overlordship.
GB83920. Bronze AE 23, Duyrat 4361 (-/R93), Cohen DCA 782 (S), SNG Cop -, BMC Phoenicia -, gVF, nice green patina with red earthen highlighting, scratches on the reverse, weight 2.765 g, maximum diameter 23.3 mm, die axis 0o, Arados (Arwad, Syria) mint, 59 - 58 B.C.; obverse jugate heads of Zeus and Hera right; reverse prow of galley left, obscure Phoenician letters above (illegible on all examples known to Duyrat), below the prow from left to right: the Phoenician letter Qoph, the Greek letter T, the Greek date AC (year 101); scarce; SOLD


Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Tyre, Phoenicia

|Elagabalus|, |Elagabalus,| |16| |May| |218| |-| |11| |March| |222| |A.D.,| |Tyre,| |Phoenicia||AE| |22|
RP09281. Bronze AE 22, Rouvier 2389, SNG Cop -, BMC Phoenicia -, SGICV -, Lindgren -, SNG Righetti -, SNG Hunterian -, F, weight 8.166 g, maximum diameter 22.4 mm, die axis 180o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, obverse IMP CAES M AV ANTONINVS AVG, laureate and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse TVRIORVM, clasped hands on palm tree with two bunches of dates, two murex shells below; rare; SOLD


Orthosias, Phoenicia, c. 30 - 28 B.C.

|Phoenicia|, |Orthosias,| |Phoenicia,| |c.| |30| |-| |28| |B.C.||AE| |20|
A similar type was struck at Orthosias for Cleopatra with her bust on the obverse. After Antony and Cleopatra were defeated, under the rule of Augustus, her bust was replaced by Tyche. RPC lists this type dated with years 36, 40 and 41. No date is visible on this coin. The date may simply be worn or perhaps it is an early issue struck with an undated die. The reverse style is so close to that of the coins struck under Cleopatra that the die may have been recycled from her last issue with her regnal year erased.
SH73047. Bronze AE 20, cf. SNG Cop 175 (also no date visible), RPC I 4504 (year 36 = 29 - 28 B.C.), Rouvier 869 (same), F, corrosion, weight 8.937 g, maximum diameter 19.7 mm, die axis 0o, Orthosias (Bordj Hakmon al-Yahoudi, Lebanon) mint, rule of Augustus, c. 30 - 28 B.C.; obverse turreted head of Tyche right; reverse Baal of Orthosia in chariot pulled by to griffins to right, crescent above his head, OPΘΩCIΕΩN in exergue, undated(?); extremely rare; SOLD


Tyre, Phoenicia, 112 - 113 A.D.

|Phoenicia|, |Tyre,| |Phoenicia,| |112| |-| |113| |A.D.||AE| |20|
In 113, Osroes I of Parthia violated the treaty with Rome by installing a puppet ruler in Armenia. Trajan declared Armenia to be a Roman province and sailed from Rome for war. In Athens Parthian envoys greet him with olive branches but Trajan rejected diplomacy. In 114, Trajan overran Armenia and northern Mesopotamia. In 115, he captured the Parthian capital Ctesiphon.
GB85947. Bronze AE 20, BMC Phoenicia p. 263, 315; Rouvier, JAIN 6, p. 320, 2192; SNG Cop -; Laffaille -; Lindgren -, aVF, well centered, bumps and marks, corrosion, weight 6.323 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 0o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, 112 - 113 A.D.; obverse veiled and turreted head of Tyche right, palm frond behind, murex shell before; reverse war galley left under oar, HΛC (year 238) / TYP monogram (Tyre) IΕPAΣ / MΗTPOΠO/ΛΕWΣ in four lines above; SOLD


Trebonianus Gallus, June or July 251 - July or August 253 A.D., Tyre, Phoenicia,

|Phoenicia|, |Trebonianus| |Gallus,| |June| |or| |July| |251| |-| |July| |or| |August| |253| |A.D.,| |Tyre,| |Phoenicia,||AE| |25|
The reverse refers to the legendary beginnings of Tyre and its famous purple die. The mythical Ambrosial rocks originally floated about the Mediterranean. Between the rocks, an eagle and snake lived on a sacred olive tree which continuously burned but was never consumed by the flames. The god Melqart (Hercules to the Romans) taught the first Phoenicians to build ships and his oracle told them to capture and sacrifice the eagle. After the sacrifice, the two rocks settled and became the land on which Tyre was founded. Once, when Melqart was nearby chasing the nymph Tyros, his dog found a murex on the beach and ate the small mollusk (Hexaplex trunculus). When the nymph saw the bright color stains on the dog's mouth she demanded Melqart give her a dress this color to win her affection. Of course, Melqart gave in to her demand, inventing the famous purple die in the process.
RP89196. Bronze AE 25, SNG Cop 378; BMC Phoenicia, p. 284, 442; Lindgren III 1478; Rouvier 2477; Boston MFA 269, Fair/Fine, rough, scratches, porous, weight 13.252 g, maximum diameter 25.4 mm, die axis 180o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, Jun/Jul 251 - Jul/Aug 253 A.D.; obverse IMP C G VIBIVS TREB GALLVS AVG, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse COL TYRO METRO, two baetyls (the Ambrosial rocks) with the sacred olive tree between them, dog of Herakles discovering the murex below; ex C. C. Vermuele Collection; ex Coin Galleries, Mabbot Sale (June 1969), lot 2864; rare; SOLD


Sidon, Phoenicia, 58 - 57 B.C.

|Phoenicia|, |Sidon,| |Phoenicia,| |58| |-| |57| |B.C.||hemichalkous|
Sidon, named for the "first-born" of Canaan, the grandson of Noah (Genesis 10:15, 19), is frequently referred to by the prophets (Isaiah 23:2, 4, 12; Jeremiah 25:22; 27:3; 47:4; Ezekiel 27:8; 28:21, 22; 32:30; Joel 3:4). The Sidonians long oppressed Israel (Judges 10:12) but Solomon entered into a matrimonial alliance with them, and thus their form of idolatrous worship found a place in the land of Israel (1 Kings 11:1, 33). Jesus visited the "coasts" of Tyre and Sidon (Matthew 15:21; Mark 7:24) where many came to hear him preach (Mark 3:8; Luke 6:17). After leaving Caesarea, Paul's ship put in at Sidon, before finally sailing for Rome (Acts 27:3, 4).
GB95292. Bronze hemichalkous, Rouvier 1339; BMC Phoenicia p. 162, 126; SNG Cop VII 224; Cohen DCA 891 (R1); HGC 10 281, VF, obverse off center, grainy/porous, weight 4.289 g, maximum diameter 16.9 mm, die axis 0o, Sidon (Saida, Lebanon) mint, 58 - 57 B.C.; obverse turreted, veiled and draped bust of Tyche right; reverse Phoenician war galley left, L ΔN (year 54) over ΣIΔΩNIΩN above, Phoenician (Sidon) below; from a Norwegian collection; SOLD


Tyre, Phoenicia, 196 A.D.

|Phoenicia|, |Tyre,| |Phoenicia,| |196| |A.D.||AE| |27|
Jesus left that place and went to the vicinity of Tyre. He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it; yet he could not keep his presence secret. In fact, as soon as she heard about him, a woman whose little daughter was possessed by an evil spirit came and fell at his feet. The woman was a Greek, born in Syrian Phoenicia. She begged Jesus to drive the demon out of her daughter. "First let the children eat all they want," he told her, "for it is not right to take the children's bread and toss it to their dogs." "Yes, Lord," she replied, "but even the dogs under the table eat the children's crumbs." Then he told her, "For such a reply, you may go; the demon has left your daughter." She went home and found her child lying on the bed, and the demon gone. (Mark 7:24 - 30)
RP08631. Bronze AE 27, BMC Phoenicia 365, F, weight 11.67 g, maximum diameter 27.2 mm, die axis 0o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, 196 A.D.; obverse TYPOY MHTPOΠOΛEWC, laureate head of Melqart right, lion's skin knotted around neck; reverse KOINOY ΦOINIKHC, octastyle temple facade, Phoenician script downward on left, AKT in exergue; SOLD


Diadumenian, Mid May - 8 June 218 A.D. Tyre, Phoenicia

|Diadumenian|, |Diadumenian,| |Mid| |May| |-| |8| |June| |218| |A.D.| || |Tyre,| |Phoenicia||AE| |23|
The Old Testament makes reference to Tyre in the Book of Isaiah (23), the Book of Jeremiah (25:22, 47:4), the Book of Ezekiel (26-28), the Book of Joel (3:4-8), the Book of Amos (1:9-10) and the Book of Zechariah (9:3-4). God did not like Tyre and planned to destroy it because the people of the city were wealthy, prideful, and evil.
RP52128. Bronze AE 23, BMC Phoenicia, p. 273, 385; Megaw TYR2; SNG Cop -; SNG Righetti -, Lindgren -, aF, weight 9.402 g, maximum diameter 23.4 mm, die axis 90o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, as caesar, May 217 - mid May 218 A.D.; obverse M OPEL DIADVMENIANVS CAES, bare-headed and draped bust right; reverse SEPTVRVS METRP COLON, Astarte standing facing, turreted, placing armor on trophy to her left, rod in right, crowned by Nike standing on column on right, at her feet a palm tree on left and a murex shell right; very rare; SOLD


Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Tyre, Phoenicia

|Phoenicia|, |Elagabalus,| |16| |May| |218| |-| |11| |March| |222| |A.D.,| |Tyre,| |Phoenicia||AE| |31|
Astarte, called "Ashtroth" in Scripture, was the favorite goddess of the Sidonians, Tyrians, Philistines, and Syro-Phoenicians generally. She was associated with the Greek Aphrodite and Roman Venus Genetrix, being believed by the ancients to be the goddess of generation, as well as of beauty. Astarte was chiefly worshiped and appears on the coins of Berytus, Bostra, Sidon, and Tyre. Her image is of a young woman, wearing a tall headdress; and clothed in a tunic, high in the neck- sometimes, not reaching lower than the knees, or sometimes with a longer dress, but with one knee exposed, and one foot planted on a galley's prow.Astarte
RP110730. Bronze AE 31, cf. RPC Online VI T8607; BMC Phoenicia 396 ff.; SNG Cop 365, aF, near black patina, red earthen highlighting, weight 15.003 g, maximum diameter 31.0 mm, die axis 0o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, obverse IMP CAES M AV ANTONINVS AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse TYR-I-O-RVM, Tyche-Astarte standing facing, right hand on trophy to left, transverse scepter in her left hand, Nike offering wreath on short column to right; small palm tree between Astarte and trophy, murex shell between Astarte and column; SOLD




    




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REFERENCES|

American Numismatic Society Collections Database (ANSCD) - http://numismatics.org/search/search.
Baramki, D. The Coin Collection of the American University of Beirut Museum. (Beirut, 1974).
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Prieur, M. & K. Prieur. The Syro-Phoenician Tetradrachms and their fractions from 57 BC to AD 258. (Lancaster, PA, 2000).
Rosenberger, M. The Rosenberger Israel Collection Vol. II: City-Coins of Palestine: Caesarea, Diospolis, Dora, Eleutheropolis, Gaba, Gaza and Joppa. (Jerusalem, 1975).
Rouvier, J. "Numismatique des Villes de la Phénicie" in Journal International d'Archéologie Numismatique. (Athens, 1900-1904).
Roman Provincial Coins (RPC) Online - http://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/.
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Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Volume 7: Cyprus to India. (New Jersey, 1981).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, France, Bibliothèque National, Collection Jean et Marie Delepierre. (Paris, 1983).
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