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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Crisis & Decline| ▸ |Hostilian||View Options:  |  |  | 

Hostilian, Summer - November 251 A.D.

Hostilian was always in the shadow of his brother Herennius, who enjoyed the privileges of being older and heir. In the beginning of 251, Trajan Decius elevated his son Herennius to co-emperor and Hostilian succeeded him in the titles of caesar and princeps iuventutis (prince of youth). Decius and Herennius then set out on campaign against king Cniva of the Goths, to punish him for raids on the Danubian frontier. Hostilian remained in Rome due to his inexperience, and empress Herennia was named regent. The campaign proved to be a disaster. Both Herennius and Decius died in the Battle of Abrittus and became the first two emperors to be killed by a foreign army in battle. The armies in the Danube acclaimed Trebonianus Gallus emperor, but the Senate acknowledged Hostilian's right to the throne. Trebonianus respected the will of Rome and adopted Hostilian. Later in 251, the Plague of Cyprian broke out in the Empire. Hostilian died from the epidemic at Viminacium in Moesia. He was only 21 years old, the first emperor in 40 years to die of natural causes, and one of only 13 in the entire history of the Roman empire.

|Hostilian|, |Hostilian,| |Summer| |-| |November| |251| |A.D.||sestertius|
When Augustus ruled Rome, he was not called emperor or king, he was the Princeps, the "first of men." In the empire, the designated successors to the emperor were named caesar and also given the title Princeps Juventutis, the "first of youths." This is the origin of the English word prince, meaning the son of a monarch.
RB57193. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 215, Cohen V 31, Hunter III 8, SRCV III 9573, VF, weight 18.400 g, maximum diameter 30.4 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, as caesar, 250 - early 251 A.D.; obverse C VALENS HOSTIL MES QVINTVS N C, bare headed and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse PRINCIPI IVVENTVTIS (to the Prince of Youth), Apollo seated left, extending laurel branch, resting left elbow on kithara (lyre), S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; rare; SOLD


|Hostilian|, |Hostilian,| |Summer| |-| |November| |251| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Mars was the god of war and also an agricultural guardian. He was the father of Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of Rome. In early Rome, he was second in importance only to Jupiter, and the most prominent of the military gods in the religion of the Roman army. Most of his festivals were held in March, the month named for him (Latin Martius), and in October, which began and ended the season for military campaigning and farming.
RS34996. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV 177b, RSC IV 15, Hunter III 3, SRCV III 9556, VF, well centered on a broad flan, weight 2.634 g, maximum diameter 25.0 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, as caesar, 250 - early 251 A.D.; obverse C VALENS HOSTIL MES QVINTVS N C, radiate and draped bust right; reverse MARTI PROPVGNATORI (to Mars the defender), Mars advancing right, helmeted and wearing military garb, paludamentum flying behind, transverse spear in right hand, shield on left arm; scarce; SOLD


|Hostilian|, |Hostilian,| |Summer| |-| |November| |251| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Mars was the god of war and also an agricultural guardian. He was the father of Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of Rome. In early Rome, he was second in importance only to Jupiter, and the most prominent of the military gods in the religion of the Roman army. Most of his festivals were held in March, the month named for him (Latin Martius), and in October, which began and ended the season for military campaigning and farming.
RS29540. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV 176b, RSC IV 12, nice VF, frosty, weight 4.184 g, maximum diameter 21.8 mm, die axis 45o, Rome mint, as caesar, 250 - early 251 A.D.; obverse C VALENS HOSTIL MES QVINTVS N C, radiate and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse MARS PROPVG (Mars the defender), Mars advancing right, wearing helmet and military garb, cloak flying behind, transverse spear in right hand, shield in left hand; rare; SOLD










OBVERSE| LEGENDS|

COVALOSTILMESCOVINTVSAVG
COVALOSTILMESCOVINTVSCAESAR
COVLOSTILMESCOVINTVSCAESAR
CVALENSHOSTILMESQVINTVSNC
CVALENSHOSMESQVINTVSNC
CVALHOSMESQVINTVSNC
CVALHOSTMESQVINTVSNC
CVALHOSTILMESQVINTVSNC
CVALENSHOSTILMESCOVINTVSAVG
CVALENSHOSTILMESQVINTVSAVG
IMPCAECVALHOSMESQVINTVSAVG
IMPCMESQVINTVSAVG


REFERENCES|

Banti, A. & L. Simonetti. Corpus Nummorum Romanorum. (Florence, 1972-1979).
Calicó, X. The Roman Avrei, Vol. Two: From Didius Julianus to Constantius I, 193 AD - 335 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 5: Gordian I to Valerian II. (Paris, 1885).
Mattingly, H., E. Sydenham & C. Sutherland. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol IV, From Pertinax to Uranius Antoninus. (London, 1986).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. III. Pertinax to Aemilian. (Oxford, 1977).
Seaby, H. & D. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Vol. IV, Gordian III to Postumus. (London, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values III, The Accession of Maximinus I to the Death of Carinus AD 235 - AD 285. (London, 2005).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

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