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Macedonian Kingdom, Philip II, 359 - 336 B.C.
Philip II is credited with the invention of the sarissa. Phillip drilled his soldiers, who initially detested the new weapon, to use these formidable pikes with two hands. The tight formation of the phalanx created a "wall of pikes" and the pike was so long that there were fully five rows of them projecting in front of the front rank of men—even if an enemy got past the first row, there were still four more to stop him. The back rows bore their pikes angled upwards in readiness, which also deflected incoming arrows. The new tactic was unstoppable, and by the end of Philip's reign the previously fragile northern Greek kingdom of Macedon, once of the Hellenised periphery, controlled the whole of Greece, and Thrace.SH84019. Gold 1/4 stater, Le Rider 49i (D34/R28), SNG Berry 101 (same dies), SNG ANS 219, SNG Cop 535 corr., SNG Alpha Bank -, gVF, die wear, small die break obverse near nose, Macedonia, Pella mint, weight 2.10g, maximum diameter 9.8mm, die axis 180o, 345 - 328 B.C.; obverse head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean lion scalp headdress knotted at neck; reverse thunderbolt above ΦIΛIΠΠOY, club over bow with string up below; SOLD
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