| Roman Republic 150 - 100 B.C. |  |
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| Amphipolis, Macedonia, c. 168 - 31 B.C. |   | On 22 June 168 B.C., Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus won the decisive Battle of Pydna. Perseus of Macedonia was made prisoner and the Third Macedonian War ended. Paullus executed 500 Macedonians, exiled many more to Italy and confiscated their belongings in the name of Rome but according to Plutarch, keeping too much to himself. On the return to Rome in 167 BC, his legions were displeased with their share of the plunder. To keep them happy, Paullus stopped in Epirus, a kingdom suspected of sympathizing with Macedonia; 70 towns were sacked, 150,000 people enslaved and the region was left to bankruptcy. Paullus' return to Rome was glorious. With the immense plunder collected in Macedonia and Epirus, he celebrated a spectacular triumph, featuring the captured king of Macedonia himself. The senate awarded him the cognomen Macedonicus. |
| SH62318. Bronze AE 22, BMC Macedonia 21, SNG Cop 58 var (monograms above and below inscription on rev), SNG ANS 104 var (same), VF, weight 7.633 g, maximum diameter 22.1 mm, die axis 270o, Amphipolis mint, c. 168 - 31 B.C.; obverse helmeted head of Roma right, winged helmet terminating at the top with the head of a griffin; reverse AMFIPO/LITWN within oak-wreath; rare; $245.00 (€188.65) |
| Roman Republic, P. Porcius Laeca, 110 - 109 B.C. |  | This moneyer was a descendant of P. Porcius Laeca, praetor in 195 B.C., who proposed and carried the Lex Porcia de Provocatione. This granted Roman citizens residing outside the city the right to appeal rulings of military magistrates. |
| SH59043. Silver denarius, SRCV I 178, Sydenham 571a, Crawford 301/1, RSC I Porcia 4, VF, weight 3.851 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 225o, Rome mint, 110 - 109 B.C.; obverse head of Roma right in winged helmet X below chin, ROML above, P LÆCA behind; reverse magistrate standing left in military dress with hand raised, citizen in toga before him, attendant behind magistrate with rod in right and two rods in left, PROVOCO in ex; $240.00 (€184.80) |
| Roman Republic, L. Memmius, 109 - 108 B.C. |  | Crawford notes that this moneyer may have traveled to Egypt and the unusual depiction of the Dioscuri may have been based on Egyptian artwork. -- Roman Republican Coinage by Michael H. Crawford |
RR54748. Silver denarius, SRCV I 181, Crawford 304/1, Sydenham 558, RSC I Memmia 1, VF, weight 3.882 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 90o, Rome mint, 109 - 108 B.C.; obverse young male head right wreathed with oak, X (XVI ligature) below chin; reverse Dioscuri standing facing between their horses, each holding spear, L MEMMI in exergue; $160.00 (€123.20) |
| Roman Republic, L. Licinius Crassus and Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus with L. Pomponius, 118 B.C. |  | The reverse commemorates the victory in Gaul of Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus over the Allobroges and Bituitus, King of the Averni. King Bituitus was taken prisoner and in the triumph of Fabius at Rome he was displayed in his chariot of silver. Minted at the newly-founded city of Narbo, the first Roman colony in Gaul. L. Pomponius was a junior colleague of the two primary magistrates. L. Licinius Crassus and L. Porcius Licinus minted similar types. |
RR59064. Silver denarius serratus, SRCV I 158, Crawford 282/4, Sydenham 522, RSC I Pomponia 7, Sydenham 522, VF, weight 3.816 g, maximum diameter 20.8 mm, die axis 135o, Gaul, Narbo mint, 118 B.C.; obverse head of Roma right in winged helmet, L·POMPONI CN F (NF in monogram) around, X (XVI ligature) behind; reverse naked Gallic warrior in biga right with shield, spear and carnyx, L·LIC·CN·DOM in exergue; $160.00 (€123.20) |
| Roman Republic, P. Porcius Laeca, 110 - 109 B.C. |  | This moneyer was a descendant of P. Porcius Laeca, praetor in 195 B.C., who proposed and carried the Lex Porcia de Provocatione. This granted Roman citizens residing outside the city the right to appeal rulings of military magistrates.
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| RR63898. Silver denarius, SRCV I 178, Sydenham 571a, Crawford 301/1, RSC I Porcia 4, VF, weight 3.977 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 110 - 109 B.C.; obverse head of Roma right in winged helmet X below chin, ROMA above, P LÆCA behind; reverse magistrate standing left in military dress with hand raised, citizen in toga before him, attendant behind magistrate with rod in right and two rods in left, PROVOCO in ex; $160.00 (€123.20) |
| Roman Republic, C. Iunius C.f., 149 B.C. |  | |
| RR58336. Silver denarius, SRCV I 87, Sydenham 392, Crawford 210/1, RSC I Junia 1, VF, weight 3.641 g, maximum diameter 19.2 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 149 B.C.; obverse helmeted head of Roma right, X behind; reverse the Dioscuri riding right, C•IVNI•C•F below, ROMA in linear frame; $140.00 (€107.80) |
| Roman Republic, M. Cipius M.f., 115 or 114 B.C. |  | In 115 - 114 B.C., Gaius Marius was praetor in Rome and was sent to govern Hispania Lusitania where he defeated local tribes. In 114 B.C., the first temple of Venus was built in Rome. |
| RR49915. Silver denarius, SRCV I 166, RSC I Cipia 1, Crawford 289/1, Sydenham 546, VF, weight 3.906 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 330o, Rome mint, obverse M CIPI M F, head of Roma right in winged helmet, X behind; reverse Victory in biga right, raising palm in right, reigns in left, rudder below, ROMA in ex; $135.00 (€103.95) |
| Roman Republic, Cn. Domitius, 128 B.C. |  | Sear notes the moneyer may be a Domitius Ahenobarbus or a Domitius Calvinus. -- Roman Coins and Their Values by David R. Sear |
RR50618. Silver denarius, SRCV I 137, Crawford 261/1, Sydenham 514, RSC I Domitia 14, gF, weight 3.871 g, maximum diameter 19.3 mm, die axis 270o, Rome mint, 128 B.C.; obverse head of Roma right in winged helmet, stalk of grain behind, X (XVI ligature) below chin; reverse ROMA, Victory in a biga right, man attacking lion below, CN DOM in exergue; $135.00 (€103.95) |
| Roman Republic, Q. Minucius Rufus, 122 B.C. |  | Castor and Pollux were the twin sons of Leda by Zeus and Tyndareus (Zeus was Pollux's father, Tyndareus was Castor's). They are known collectively in Greek as the Dioskouroi, "sons of Zeus", and in Latin as the Gemini ("twins") or Castores.
Minucius Rufus' (122 B.C.) and C. Plutius' (121 B.C.) issues are the last to bear the traditional Dioscuri reverse. |
| RR54740. Silver denarius, SRCV I 152, Crawford 277/1, Sydenham 421, RSC I Minucia 1, VF, weight 3.861 g, maximum diameter 19.1 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 122 B.C.; obverse head of Roma right in winged helmet, RVF behind, X below chin; reverse Dioscuri riding right, Q·MINV below, ROMA in exergue; $135.00 (€103.95) |
| Roman Republic, C. Coelius Caldus, 104 B.C. |  | In 104 B.C., the Republic was in a state of emergency. The Cimbri had just dealt Rome its most severe defeat since Cannae; two armies were destroyed. Italy was nearly defenseless. The consul Gaius Marius asked King Nicomedes III of Bithynia to provide troops. Nicomedes III turned down the request declaring, "All those eligible for military service in my kingdom have been robbed by the Roman tax-farmers and sold into slavery." In response, about 800 Italian slaves in Sicily were freed. Non-Italians slaves incorrectly believed they had also been freed. When ordered back to servitude, these slaves amassed an army 2,000 cavalry and 20,000 infantry. The revolt, the Second Servile War, lasted until 100 B.C., caused famine in Rome, and was defeated only after great effort. It was the second of a series of three slave revolts in the Roman Republic. |
| RR54725. Silver denarius, RSC I Coelia 3, Crawford 318/1b, Sydenham 582a, SRCV I 196 var (noted), VF, weight 3.913 g, maximum diameter 20.1 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 104 B.C.; obverse head of Roma left in winged helmet; reverse Victory in a biga left holding reins in both hands, CALD below, I• (control mark) in exergue; $130.00 (€100.10) |
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