| Patina on ancient coins |  |
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| Carthago Nova, Roman Occupation, Scipio Africanus, c. 209 - 206 B.C. |   | In order to force Hannibal to retreat from Italy, Scipio Africanus attacked Carthaginian Spain and took Carthago Nova in 209 B.C. References most often identify this type as Punic, struck before 209 B.C., but they also note that the head is "Roman style." Some authorities believe, as we do, that this type was struck after 209, under Roman rule. Carthaginian coins sometimes depicted Barcid generals. This coin possibly depicts the Roman general Scipio Africanus. |
| SH60680. Bronze 1/5 unit, SNG BM Spain 129, Burgos 556, VF, green patina, weight 2.028 g, maximum diameter 13.6 mm, die axis 0o, Carthago Nova mint, 209 - 206 B.C.; obverse bare male head (Scipio Africanus?) left; reverse horse head right; rare; $500.00 (€385.00) |
| Akragas, Sicily, c. 425 - 406 B.C. |  | Calciati 77 is the type with two fish left but does not include a die match to our coin. Calciati 74 appears to have the same reverse die. It is described as having one fish left under the crab but there appears to be a second fish left on the edge of the flan. |
| SH56023. Bronze hexas, Calciati 74 cor. (same rev die) & 77; SNG München 145; SNG ANS 1047 ff. var (top fish right), SNG Cop 79 ff. var (same); BMC Sicily 110 var (same), gVF, weight 6.907 g, maximum diameter 19.9 mm, die axis 45o, Akragas mint, obverse ΑΚΡΑ, eagle standing right, wings open, head lowered, fish in talons; reverse crab, two pellets flanking claws, one or two left fish below; nice green patina; scarce variant; $405.00 (€311.85) |
| Byzantine Empire, Justin II, 15 November 565 - 5 October 578 A.D. |  | |
| BZ57476. Bronze follis, DOC I 123a, Hahn MIB 50b, Morrisson BN 10- 14, Ratto 878 - 880, Wroth BMC 177 - 179, SBCV 372, Choice aEF, weight 12.765 g, maximum diameter 32.5 mm, die axis 180o, 1st officina, Cyzicus mint, 574 - 575 A.D.; obverse D N IVSTINVS P P AV, Justin II (on left) and Sophia seated facing on double throne, both nimbate, he holds a globus cruciger, she holds a cruciform scepter, cross above center, wavy line below feet; reverse large M between ANNO and X (year 10), cross above, A below, KYZ in ex; $355.00 (€273.35) |
| Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Nikopolis ad Istrum, Moesia Inferior |  | Nicopolis ad Istrum can be said to have been the birthplace of Germanic literary tradition. The Gothic bishop, missionary and translator Ulfilas (Wulfila) obtained permission from Constantius II to immigrate with his flock of converts to Moesia and settle near Nicopolis ad Istrum in 347. There, he invented the Gothic alphabet and translated the Bible from Greek to Gothic. |
| SH60004. Bronze AE 22, Nikopolis 2012 8.26.46.8, Varbanov 3830, AMNG I 2017 var (obv legend), aEF, weight 5.811 g, maximum diameter 21.1 mm, die axis 0o, Nikopolis mint, obverse AVT K M AVPH ANTΩNINOC, laureate and cuirassed bust right; reverse ΝΙΚΟΠΟΛΙΤΩΝ ΠΡΟC I, CTPON in ex, City gate flanked by two towers; rare; $315.00 (€242.55) |
| Syracuse, Sicily, Timoleon, 3rd Democracy, 344 - 336 B.C. |  | Timoleon installed a democracy in 345 B.C. After the long series of internal struggles had weakened Syracuse's power, Timoleon tried to remedy this, defeating the Carthaginians near the Krimisos river in 339 B.C. Unfortunately the struggle among the city's parties restarted after his death and ended with the rise of another tyrant, Agathocles, who seized power in 317 B.C. |
| SH58244. Bronze dilitron, Calciati II, p. 185, 80; SNG ANS 533 ff.; SNG Morcom 717; SNG München 1159, VF, weight 18.748 g, maximum diameter 26.6 mm, die axis 180o, Syracuse mint, 344 - 336 B.C.; obverse ΖΕΥΣ ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΟΣ, laureate head of Zeus Eleutherios left; reverse ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΟΝ, free horse prancing left; nice green patina; $285.00 (€219.45) |
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