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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Severan Period| ▸ |Caracalla||View Options:  |  |  |     

Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D.

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, better known as Caracalla, was the son of Septimius Severus and Julia Domna, born in 188 A.D. He was named Caesar in 196 and Augustus in 198. Shortly before his death, Severus advised his sons, "Agree with each other, give money to the soldiers and scorn all other men." But the brothers hated each other and soon Caracalla had Geta murdered and massacred thousands suspected of supporting him. Although a capable military commander, the actual running of the government was left to his mother. He gradually slipped more and more into paranoia and delusions of grandeur before being murdered on his way to an Eastern campaign aimed at fulfilling his belief that he was the reincarnation of Alexander the Great.

Laodicea ad Lycum, Phrygia, 198 - 222 A.D.

|Laodicea| |ad| |Lycus|, |Laodicea| |ad| |Lycum,| |Phrygia,| |198| |-| |222| |A.D.||diassarion|
The Synedrion of the Neoi was a Greek city's organization young men, roughly 20 - 30 years old, who had completed their military training but who were not old enough to participate the city assembly, which was typically limited to "elders" over 30. The neaniskoi ("the boys") were organized around the gymnasia and had a range of military, political, social, and religious functions that varied by the city and over time.
RP112159. Bronze diassarion, RPC Online VI T5497; BMC Phrygia p. 299, 132; Martin Demos p. 215, 33; Imhoof-Blumer KM p. 275, 53; SNG Lewis 1610; c/m: Howgego 631 (PH) & 42 (bust), aF, dark brown patina, earthen deposits, holed, weight 6.909 g, maximum diameter 25.0 mm, die axis 180o, Laodicea ad Lycum (near Denizli, Turkey) mint, time of Caracalla to Elagabalus, 198 - 222 A.D.; obverse CYNEΔPIOY NEΩN (Synedrion of the Neoi), diademed and draped bust of the Synedrion of the Neoi left, holding two rods; countermarks: PH ligate (year 108 = 230/231 A.D.) in a 5.8mm round punch, bust of emperor right with CE or CEB before in 6.1 mm oval punch; reverse ΛAOΔIKEΩN NEΩKOPΩN, Hypnos-Thanatos or Eros reclining left on rocks, propping his head on his left hand, holding arrow(?) in his right hand; from Shawn Caza former diplomat, author of A Handbook of Late Roman Coins (Spink, 2021), collection assembled during postings and international travel; ex Dorotheum Vienna; very rare; $100.00 SALE PRICE $90.00
 


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Nicopolis ad Istrum, Moesia Inferior

|Nikopolis|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Nicopolis| |ad| |Istrum,| |Moesia| |Inferior||assarion|
Nicopolis ad Istrum was founded by Trajan around 101 - 106, at the junction of the Iatrus (Yantra) and the Rositsa rivers, in memory of his victory over the Dacians. Its ruins are located at the village of Nikyup, 20 km north of Veliko Tarnovo in northern Bulgaria. The town reached its peak during the reigns of Trajan, Hadrian, the Antonines and the Severan dynasty.
RP113338. Bronze assarion, H-H-J Nikopolis 8.18.47.19 (R3), AMNG I/I 1506, Varbanov I 3002 (R4) var. (obv. leg.), VF, dark patina, broad flan with full legends, edge ragged, weight 3.188 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 45o, Nicopolis ad Istrum (Nikyup, Bulgaria) mint, as caesar, 196 - 198 A.D.; obverse M AV KAI ANTONINOC, bare head right; reverse NIKOΠOΛ ΠPOC IC, tall narrow vase (or torch?) entwined by snake, fluted and ringed, stalks of grain hanging down on each side; ex Barry Murphy (Sep 2007); zero sales of this type recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades; $90.00 SALE PRICE $81.00
 


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Edessa, Mesopotamia

|Mesopotamia| |&| |Babylonia|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Edessa,| |Mesopotamia||AE| |20|
During the sole reign of Caracalla a city known as Colonia Metropolis Antoniniana Aurelia Alexandria in Mesopotamia (Osrhoene) issued a series of small bronze coins with Latin legends. These types were attributed by Eckhel to Carrhae and numismatists long perpetuated this attribution. New finds and papyrological evidence instead point to Edessa as the site of this colonia and the mint for these small bronze coins, struck after Caracalla deposed its king, Severus Abgar IX, in 212/213 A.D.
RP112082. Bronze AE 20, Dandrow 1/13 (O8/R10); Lindgren I 2565, Nice F, nice desert patina with highlighting earthen deposits, weight 4.642 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 180o, Mesopotamia, Edessa (Urfa, Sanliurfa, Turkey) mint, 212 - 8 Apr 217 A.D.; obverse M AVR ANTO-NINVS P F AVG (clockwise from upper right), laureate and bearded head right, bare shoulder visible from behind; reverse COL MET ANT-ONINIANA (clockwise from upper right), turreted, veiled, and draped bust of Tyche (city goddess) right; $70.00 SALE PRICE $63.00
 


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia

|Cappadocia|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Caesarea,| |Cappadocia||AE| |29|
Mount Erciyes (Argaios to the Greeks, Argaeus to the Romans) is a massive stratovolcano 25 km to the south of Kayseri (ancient Caesarea) in Turkey. The highest mountain in central Anatolia, with its summit reaching 3,916 meters (12,848 ft). It may have erupted as recently as 253 B.C. Strabo wrote that the summit was never free from snow and that those few who ascended it reported seeing both the Black Sea to the north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south in days with a clear sky.
RP112994. Bronze AE 29, Ganschow 543e; Hensler 887; Sydenham Caesarea 484; BMC Galatia p. 81, 274; SNGvA -; SNG Cop VII -, F, dark brown tone, a little off center, scattered small pits, weight 16.021 g, maximum diameter 29.0 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 205 - 206 A.D.; obverse AV KAI M AVPH ANTWNINOC, laureate head right, beardless; reverse MHTPOΠ KAICAPE, model of Mount Argaeus on garlanded altar, star above summit, ET IΓ (year 13 [of Septimius Severus]) in exergue; ex Leu Numismatik AG Web Auction 24 (3 Dec 2022), lot 4995 part of; $70.00 SALE PRICE $63.00
 


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Nicomedia, Bithynia

|Bithynia|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Nicomedia,| |Bithynia||AE| |17|
Nicomedia was the Roman metropolis of Bithynia. Diocletian made it the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire in 286 when he introduced the Tetrarchy system. Nicomedia remained the eastern (and most senior) capital of the Empire until co-emperor Licinius was defeated by Constantine the Great at the Battle of Chrysopolis in 324. Constantine resided mainly in Nicomedia as his interim capital for the next six years, until in 330 when he declared nearby Byzantium (renamed Constantinople) the new capital. Constantine died in his royal villa near Nicomedia in 337. Due to its position at the convergence of the Asiatic roads leading to the new capital, Nicomedia retained its importance even after the foundation of Constantinople.
RP113203. Bronze AE 17, Rec Gen II p. 547, 243, SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, BMC Bithynia -, RPC Online -, aVF, dark patina, scratches, holed, weight 3.213 g, maximum diameter 16.7 mm, die axis 180o, Nikomedia (Izmit, Turkey) mint, c. 198 - 206 A.D.; obverse AV K M AVP ANTΩNEINOC AV (final AV ligate), CEB below bust, laureate and draped bust right; reverse METPOΠ NEIKOM ΔI,C NEΩ (last four letters in exergue), Apis bull right; from the Michael Arslan Collection; ex Bucephalus Numismatics auction 19 (6 May 2023), lot 374; rare; $50.00 SALE PRICE $45.00
 


Kingdom of Bosporus, Rheskuporis II (III), 211 - 228 A.D., Caracalla Reverse

|Bosporan| |Kingdom|, |Kingdom| |of| |Bosporus,| |Rheskuporis| |II| |(III),| |211| |-| |228| |A.D.,| |Caracalla| |Reverse||stater|
The Bosporan Kingdom (or Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus) was in eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula on the shores of the Cimmerian Bosporus, the present-day Strait of Kerch (it was not named after the Bosphorus beside Istanbul). The mixed population adopted Greek language and civilization. The prosperity of the kingdom was based on the export of wheat, fish and slaves. The kingdom's golden age was 2nd and 1st centuries B.C. At the end of the 2nd century A.D., King Sauromates II inflicted a critical defeat on the Scythians and expanded his state to include the entire Crimea. It was the longest surviving Roman client kingdom, lasting until it was overrun by the Huns c. 375 A.D.
SH53612. Electrum stater, MacDonald Bosporus 556/1, aVF, weight 7.656 g, maximum diameter 19.7 mm, die axis 0o, Pantikapaion (Kerch, Crimea) mint, 216 - 217 A.D.; obverse BACIΛEWC PHCKOVΠOPIΔOC, diademed and draped bust right, sword before; reverse laureate and draped bust of Caracalla right, ΓIΦ (year 513) below; SOLD


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Hadrianopolis, Thrace

|Hadrianopolis|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| || |217| |A.D.,| |Hadrianopolis,| |Thrace||AE| |20|
The figure on the reverse is sometimes identified as Eros (Cupid) or a generic winged Genius. The inverted torch represents a life extinguished, indicating the figure is Thanatos (death). By the Severan Era, there was increased hope for an afterlife in pleasant Elysium rather than in dismal Hades. Thanatos was associated more with a gentle passing than a woeful demise. Thanatos as a winged boy, very much akin to Cupid, with crossed legs and an inverted torch, became the most common symbol for death, depicted on many Roman sarcophagi.
RP89895. Bronze AE 20, Jurukova Hadrianopolis 390 (V199/R379), Varbanov II 3526 (R4), SNG Cop 571, BMC Thrace -, VF, brown tone, attractive style, slightly ragged flan with small edge splits, weight 3.986 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 30o, Hadrianopolis (Edirne, Turkey) mint, obverse AVT K M AVP C EV - ANTΩNEINOC, laureate head right; reverse AΔPIANOΠOΛEITΩN, Thanatos standing right, winged, legs crossed, leaning on inverted extinguished torch; SOLD


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Augusta Traiana, Thrace

|Augusta| |Traiana|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Augusta| |Traiana,| |Thrace||AE| |28|
Augusta Traiana (Stara Zagora, Bulgaria today) was founded by Trajan, c. 106 A.D. During 2nd - 3rd century A.D., it was the second largest city in Roman Thrace, after Philippopolis, and was fortified by strong walls. The city struck bronze coins from the time of Marcus Aurelius to Gallienus.
SH68297. Bronze AE 28, Varbanov 1095 (R4) = Schönert-Geiss MATT 300, SNG Cop -, BMC Thrace -, Nice F, weight 15.539 g, maximum diameter 27.6 mm, die axis 0o, Augusta Traiana (Stara Zagora, Bulgaria) mint, obverse AYT K M AYP CEYH ANTΩONINOC, laureate and cuirassed bust right, from b; reverse AYΓOYCTHC TPAIANHC, city-gate flanked by two crenellated towers, a third crenellated tower in the center behind the gate; SOLD


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Stobi, Macedonia

|Stobi|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Stobi,| |Macedonia||AE| |24|
This odd goddess combines characteristics of several others. Demeter carried flaming torches in her search for Persephone, and the serpent, which represented rebirth in nature and the fertility of the earth, was the animal most sacred to her. The wings are those of Victory. The cornucopia is associated with good luck and prosperity delivered by Tyche-Fortuna. There is a similar more common type with this strange goddess, but with her head right.
RP97750. Bronze AE 24, Kuzmanovic 1006 var. (obv. leg., same rev. die), Josifovski Stobi -, Varbanov III -, SNG Cop -, BMC Macedonia -, Choice aVF, attractive green patina, central depressions, weight 7.506 g, maximum diameter 23.8 mm, die axis 0o, Stobi (Gradsko, Macedonia) mint, 206 - 208/9 A.D.; obverse IMP C MA AVR ANTONIN, laureate bust right, bare shoulder, seen from behind; reverse MVNICIPI STOBENS, winged goddess (Victory-Demeter-Tyche-Fortuna) standing half left, radiate head left, serpent-entwined long torch grounded and vertical in right hand, cornucopia in left hand; we found only one other specimen of this type - in the FORVM Members' Gallery; extremely rare; SOLD


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Serdica, Thrace

|Serdica|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Serdica,| |Thrace||AE| |30|
Serdica prospered under Rome. Turrets, protective walls, public baths, administrative and cult buildings, a civic basilica and a large amphitheater were built. When Diocletian divided Dacia into Dacia Ripensis (on the banks of the Danube) and Dacia Mediterranea, Serdica became the capital of Dacia Mediterranea. The city was destroyed by the Huns in 447, but was rebuilt by Justinian and surrounded with great fortress walls whose remnants can still be seen today. Although also often destroyed by the Slavs, the town remained under Byzantine dominion until 809. Serdica is today Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.
JD97376. Bronze AE 30, H-J Serdica 12.18.36.3 (R4); Ruzicka Serdica 309, Varbanov III 2389 (R3); SNG Cop -; BMC Thrace -, gVF, green patina with some patina loss, tight flan, obverse slightly off center, light corrosion, central cavities, weight 17.464 g, maximum diameter 29.7 mm, die axis 0o, Serdica (Sofia, Bulgaria) mint, c. 211 - 8 April 217 A.D.; obverse AVT K M AVPH CEVH ANTΩNEINOC, laureate and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse OVΛΠIAC CEPΔIKHC, Homonoia (Concordia) standing slightly left, head left, wearing kalathos on head, chiton, and himation, flaming column altar at feet on left, patera in right hand, cornucopia in left hand; big 30mm bronze!; scarce; SOLD




    



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OBVERSE| LEGENDS|

ANTONINVSAVGVSTV
ANTONINVSAVGVSTVS
ANTONINVSPIVSAVG
ANTONINVSPIVSAVGBRIT
ANTONINVSPIVSAVGGERM
ANTONINVSPIVSFELAVG (ALSO USED BY ELAGABALUS)
DIVOANTONINOMAGNO
IMPCAEMAVRANTAVGPTRP
IMPCAESMAVRELANTONINVSAVG
IMPANTONINETGETACAESAVGFIL
IMPCMAVRANTONAVGPTRP
IMPCMAVRANTONINVSAVG
IMPCMAVRANTONAVGPTRP
IMPCMAVRANTONINVSAVG
IMPCMAVRANTONINVSPONTAVG
IMPMAVRANTONINVSPIVSAVGPMTRPXIII
MAVRANTCAESPONTIF
MAVRANTONCAESPONTIF
MAVRANTONINVSCAES
MAVRELANTONINVSPIVSAVG
MAVRELANTONINVSPIVSAVGBRIT
MAVRELANTONINVSPIVSAVGGERM


REFERENCES|

Banti, A. & L. Simonetti. Corpus Nummorum Romanorum. (Florence, 1972-1979).
The Barry P. Murphy Collection of Severan Denarii - http://bpmurphy.ancients.info/severan/severanhome.htm
Bickford-Smith, R. "The imperial mints in the east for Septimius Severus: it is time to begin a thorough reconsideration" in RIN XCVI (1994/1995), pp. 53-71.
Calicó, E. The Roman Avrei, Vol. II: From Didius Julianus to Constantius I, 193 AD - 335 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Cayón, J. Los Sestercios del Imperio Romano, Vol. III: De Marco Aurelio a Caracalla (Del 161 d.C. al 217 d.C.). (Madrid, 1984).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 4: Septimius Severus to Maximinus Thrax. (Paris, 1884).
Mattingly, H., E. Sydenham & C. Sutherland. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. IV: From Pertinax to Uranius Antoninus. (London, 1986).
Mattingly, H. & R. Carson. Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum, Vol. 5: Pertinax to Elagabalus. (London, 1950).
Online Coins of the Roman Empire (OCRE) - http://numismatics.org/ocre/
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. III. Pertinax to Aemilian. (Oxford, 1977).
Seaby, H. & Sear, D. Roman Silver Coins, Vol. III, Pertinax to Balbinus and Pupienus. (London, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol. II: The Accession of Nerva to the Overthrow of the Severan Dynasty AD 96 - AD 235. (London, 2002).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

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