Richter Bronzes

Richter, G. Greek, Etruscan and Roman Bronzes. (New York, 1915).

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE . . . v

INTRODUCTION
   Characteristics of Greek Bronzes . . . xiii
   The Bronze Age . . . xv
   Alloying of Bronze . . . xvii
   Technical Processes of Bronze-Working in Antiquity . . . xviii
   Patina . . . xxvii
   The Bronze Disease . . . xxxii

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . xxxv

CATALOGUE OF BRONZES

I Statues, Statuettes, and Reliefs . . . 3

   Pre-Classical Period, before Seventh Century B.C. . . . 6
   Archaic Period, Seventh Century to Beginning of Fifth Century B.C. . . . 7
   Transitional Period, about 480 to 450 B.C. . . . 47
   Fine Period, Second Half of Fifth Century B.C. . . . 55
   Fourth Century B.C. . . . 64
   Third to First Century B.C. . . . 70
   Italiote and Etruscan . . . 92
   Roman Period, End of First Century B.C. to Third Century A.D. (Material arranged according to subjects) . . . 110
     Zeus . . . 110
     Hera . . . 112
     Poseidon . . . 112
     Apollo . . . 114
     Artemis . . . 115
     Athena . . . 115
     Aphrodite . . . 117
     Eros . . . 119
     Hermes . . . 121
     Dionysos, Seilenoi, and Satyrs . . . 125
     Herakles . . . 127
     Miscellaneous Divinities . . . 128
     Priests . . . 134
     Grotesques . . . 136
     Male Figures, not Divinities . . . 138
     Portraits . . . 142
     Female Figures, not Divinities . . . 160
     Children . . . 160
     Animals . . . 162

II Implements and Utensils

   (1) Tomb Groups 177
        Vases and Implements found near Monteleone in the same tomb as the Etruscan Chariot — middle of sixth century B.C. . . . 177
        Vases found in a tomb at Civita Castellana, about 500 B.C. . . . 180
        Vases and Implements found in a tomb at Bolsena, fourth to third century B.C. . . . 180
   (2) Vases and Kitchen Utensils . . . 182
        Jugs and Bottles . . . 182
        Water-jars . . . 197
        Cups, Bowls, and Plates . . . 198
        Cauldrons, Pails, etc. . . . 222
        Strainers . . . 229
        Ladles . . . 232
        Miscellaneous Utensils (Fire Shovels, Meat-hook, Grates, Fire-dogs, Andirons, Fire-tongs, Fire-rakes, Spits, etc.) . . . 235
        Vase Handles . . . 241
   (3) Toilet Articles and Personal Ornaments . . . 251
        Mirrors 251
        Cistae or Toilet-boxes . . . 290
        Strigils or Skin-scrapers . . . 293
        Razors . . . 298
        Rings for Bath Implements . . . 298
        Dipping Rods for Cosmetics . . . 299
        Tweezers . . . 300
        Pins . . . 302
        Fibulae or Safety-pins . . . 307
        Buckles . . . 330
        Necklaces . . . 335
        Bracelets . . . 336
        Rings . . . 342
        Earrings . . . 344
        Pendants . . . 345
   (4) Furniture and Parts of Furniture . . . 345
        Tripods . . . 345
        Parts of Furniture . . . 348
        Table . . . 355
        Spout . . . 356
        Fastenings (Nails, Hinges, Hasps, Holdfasts, Locks, and Keys) . . . 356
   (5) Lighting  Utensils . . . 365
        Candle-holders and Lamp-stands . . . 365
        Lamps . . . 377
        Saucer  from  Thymiaterion  or  Incense-burner . . . 381
        Lamp-hook . . . 382
   (6) Arms  and  Armor . . . 382
        Dagger-blades . . . 382
        Spear-heads . . . 393
        Butt-spikes . . . 398
        Swords . . . 399
        Arrow-heads . . . 403
        Shields . . . 408
        Helmets . . . 410
        Cuirasses . . . 420
        Armored Belts . . . 422
        Greaves . . . 425
   (7) Horses' Trappings . . .426
        Horse-bits . . .426
        Muzzle . . .428
   (8) Tools . . . 429
        Axe-heads . . . 429
        Chisels . . . 435
        Awls . . . 436
        Sickles . . . 438
        Knives . . . 439
        Needles . . . 441
        Netting-Needles . . . 443
        Miscellaneous Tools . . . 444
   (9) Weighing  Implements . . . 445
        Steelyard . . . 445
   (10) Writing  Materials . . . 446
        Styli . . . 446
        Inkstands(?) . . . 447
   (11) Surgical Instruments . . . 448
        Probes . . . 449
        Spatulae . . . 450
        Spoon Probes . . . 453
        Scalpels or Bistouries . . . 453
   (12) Musical  Instruments 453
        Sistrum . . . 454
        Cymbals . . . 454
   (13) Miscellaneous Objects . . . 456
        Ingot . . . 456
        Parts of Sceptres or Maces . . . 457
        Shepherd's Crooks . . . 459
        Socketed Implements . . . 459
        Kottabos . . . 460
        Dikast's Ticket . . . 462
        Bells . . . 463
        Portion of a Chain . . . 465
        Buttons . . . 465
        Objects of Uncertain and Votive Use . . . 466