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Lupercal, a place thus named, was situated under the Palatine Hill at Rome. It was sacred to the God Lupercus whom the Romans otherwise called Pan Lycaeus There were yearly feasts termed Lupercalia, on the days of which the Luperci or Priests of Pan, ran naked through the streets, and with the whips they carried struck the hands of women, who held them out to receive the lash that they might conceive and bear children.
As bearing allusion to this piece of indecent superstition, Du Choul, in his Religion des Anciens Romains, professes to copy a large brass of Lucilla, exhibiting Juno Lucina sitting with a scepter in one hand and a whip in the other.